Regulation of positive and negative emotion: effects of sociocultural context
Regulation of positive and negative emotion: effects of sociocultural context
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积极和消极情绪的调节：社会文化背景的影响
作者：
S. Snyder;S. M. Heller;Daniel S. Lumian;Kateri McRae;Vera Shuman;Katherine K Chen;M. Burleson
先前的研究表明，情绪调节策略的使用会因社会文化背景而异。在之前的一项研究中，我们报告了在年度替代文化活动Burning Man中使用两种不同情绪调节策略的变化（麦克雷et al.，2011年）。在这种社会文化背景下，与通常在家里相比，参与者报告较少使用表达抑制（通常与适应不良结果相关的策略），更多地使用认知重新评估（通常与适应性结果相关的策略）。目前尚不清楚的是，这些自我报告的情绪调节策略使用的变化是否以积极情绪、消极情绪或两者的调节变化为特征。我们在当前的研究中通过询问燃烧人参与者关于积极和消极情绪的单独问题来解决这个问题。使用多个数据集，我们复制了我们以前的研究结果，并发现抑制的减少主要是由在燃烧的人减少抑制积极情绪的报告驱动的。相比之下，重新评价的增加并不以燃烧的人对积极和消极情绪的差异性重新评价为特征。此外，我们观察到这些影响的大小存在新的个体差异。我们观察到的自我报告抑制的背景变化在男性和年轻参与者中最强。对于那些以前参加过火人节的人，我们观察到在两种社会文化背景下自我报告的压抑水平较低：火人节和通常在家里。这些发现对于理解某些社会文化背景可能会减少抑制的方式具有意义，并可能最大限度地减少其相关的适应不良影响。
Previous research has demonstrated that the use of emotion regulation strategies can vary by sociocultural context. In a previous study, we reported changes in the use of two different emotion regulation strategies at an annual alternative cultural event, Burning Man (McRae et al., 2011). In this sociocultural context, as compared to typically at home, participants reported less use of expressive suppression (a strategy generally associated with maladaptive outcomes), and greater use of cognitive reappraisal (a strategy generally associated with adaptive outcomes). What remained unclear was whether these changes in self-reported emotion regulation strategy use were characterized by changes in the regulation of positive emotion, negative emotion, or both. We addressed this issue in the current study by asking Burning Man participants separate questions about positive and negative emotion. Using multiple datasets, we replicated our previous findings, and found that the decreased use of suppression is primarily driven by reports of decreased suppression of positive emotion at Burning Man. By contrast, the increased use of reappraisal is not characterized by differential reappraisal of positive and negative emotion at Burning Man. Moreover, we observed novel individual differences in the magnitude of these effects. The contextual changes in self-reported suppression that we observe are strongest for men and younger participants. For those who had previously attended Burning Man, we observed lower levels of self-reported suppression in both sociocultural contexts: Burning Man and typically at home. These findings have implications for understanding the ways in which certain sociocultural contexts may decrease suppression, and possibly minimize its associated maladaptive effects.
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