Thalamic neuromodulation and its implications for executive networks.
Thalamic neuromodulation and its implications for executive networks.
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DOI：
10.3389/fncir.2014.00069
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Varela C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Varela C
丘脑是控制大脑中信息路由的关键结构。了解丘脑水平的调制对于了解信息流向参与认知功能的大脑区域（如新皮层、海马和基底神经节）至关重要。调制器贡献了丘脑细胞接收的大部分突触，并且在与高阶皮质区域互连的丘脑核中发现调制器突触的最高分数。此外，调节剂的破坏通常会转化为执行行为的致残性障碍。然而，调制丘脑核团，如中线和intralaminar集团，这是相互联系的前脑执行区，很少受到关注相比，感觉核。丘脑调节剂在它们的来源、它们使用的神经递质和对丘脑细胞的作用方面是异质的。调节剂还具有一些共同特征，例如具有小的末端纽扣和激活它们接触的细胞上的代谢受体。我将回顾这些目标的丘脑调制器的解剖和生理数据：第一，确定在何种程度上的证据支持类似的调制器功能，丘脑核;第二，讨论目前的证据调制中线和intralaminar核在执行功能中的作用。
The thalamus is a key structure that controls the routing of information in the brain. Understanding modulation at the thalamic level is critical to understanding the flow of information to brain regions involved in cognitive functions, such as the neocortex, the hippocampus, and the basal ganglia. Modulators contribute the majority of synapses that thalamic cells receive, and the highest fraction of modulator synapses is found in thalamic nuclei interconnected with higher order cortical regions. In addition, disruption of modulators often translates into disabling disorders of executive behavior. However, modulation in thalamic nuclei such as the midline and intralaminar groups, which are interconnected with forebrain executive regions, has received little attention compared to sensory nuclei. Thalamic modulators are heterogeneous in regards to their origin, the neurotransmitter they use, and the effect on thalamic cells. Modulators also share some features, such as having small terminal boutons and activating metabotropic receptors on the cells they contact. I will review anatomical and physiological data on thalamic modulators with these goals: first, determine to what extent the evidence supports similar modulator functions across thalamic nuclei; and second, discuss the current evidence on modulation in the midline and intralaminar nuclei in relation to their role in executive function.
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影响因子：
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