Phthalate concentrations and dietary exposure from food purchased in New York State.
Phthalate concentrations and dietary exposure from food purchased in New York State.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1289/ehp.1206367
复制
发表时间：
2013-04
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Birnbaum LS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schecter A;Lorber M;Guo Y;Wu Q;Yun SH;Kannan K;Hommel M;Imran N;Hynan LS;Cheng D;Colacino JA;Birnbaum LS
背景资料：邻苯二甲酸酯已在许多个人护理和工业产品中发现，但以前在美国购买的食品中没有报告。邻苯二甲酸酯是普遍存在的合成化合物，因此难以在含有痕量水平的食品中测量。邻苯二甲酸酯与内分泌干扰和发育改变有关。目的：我们的目标是首次报告美国食品中邻苯二甲酸酯的浓度，特别是在纽约奥尔巴尼购买的72个食品样品中的9种邻苯二甲酸酯，并将这些发现与其他国家进行比较，并估计膳食邻苯二甲酸酯摄入量。方法：从纽约超市购买一份常用食品的方便样品。开发了使用气相色谱-质谱法分析这些食品的方法。邻苯二甲酸酯的膳食摄入量估计为食物消费率和该食物中邻苯二甲酸酯浓度的乘积。结果如下：单个邻苯二甲酸酯的检测频率范围从邻苯二甲酸二环己酯（DCHP）的6%到邻苯二甲酸二-2-乙基己酯（DEHP）的74%不等。DEHP浓度是所有食物中测得的邻苯二甲酸酯中最高的，牛肉除外[其中邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯（DnOP）是发现的最高邻苯二甲酸酯]，猪肉的估计平均浓度是所有食物组中最高的（平均值300 ng/g;最大值1，158 ng/g）。估计的成人平均摄入量范围为邻苯二甲酸二甲酯（DEHP）0.004 μg/kg/天至DEHP 0.673 μg/kg/天。结论：邻苯二甲酸酯广泛存在于美国食品中。虽然本研究中估计的单个邻苯二甲酸酯摄入量比美国环境保护署参考剂量低一个数量级以上，但邻苯二甲酸酯的累积暴露量令人担忧，因此需要对美国食品进行更具代表性的调查。
Background: Phthalates have been found in many personal care and industrial products, but have not previously been reported in food purchased in the United States. Phthalates are ubiquitous synthetic compounds and therefore difficult to measure in foods containing trace levels. Phthalates have been associated with endocrine disruption and developmental alteration. Objectives: Our goals were to report concentrations of phthalates in U.S. food for the first time, specifically, nine phthalates in 72 individual food samples purchased in Albany, New York, and to compare these findings with other countries and estimate dietary phthalate intake. Methods: A convenience sample of commonly consumed foods was purchased from New York supermarkets. Methods were developed to analyze these foods using gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy. Dietary intakes of phthalates were estimated as the product of the food consumption rate and concentration of phthalates in that food. Results: The range of detection frequency of individual phthalates varied from 6% for dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) to 74% for di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP). DEHP concentrations were the highest of the phthalates measured in all foods except beef [where di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP) was the highest phthalate found], with pork having the highest estimated mean concentration of any food group (mean 300 ng/g; maximum, 1,158 ng/g). Estimated mean adult intakes ranged from 0.004 μg/kg/day for dimethyl phthalate (DMP) to 0.673 μg/kg/day for DEHP. Conclusions: Phthalates are widely present in U.S. foods. While estimated intakes for individual phthalates in this study were more than an order of magnitude lower than U.S. Environmental Protection Agency reference doses, cumulative exposure to phthalates is of concern and a more representative survey of U.S. foods is indicated.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Green R;Hauser R;Calafat AM;Weuve J;Schettler T;Ringer S;Huttner K;Hu H
通讯作者：
Hu H
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Foster, PMD;Cattley, RC;Mylchreest, E
通讯作者：
Mylchreest, E
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Bodner-Montvllle, Janice;Ahuja, Jaspreet K. C.;Perloff, Betty P.
通讯作者：
Perloff, Betty P.
DOI：
10.1080/02652030010024474
发表时间：
2001-05-01
期刊：
FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS
影响因子：
--
作者：
Tsumura, Y;Ishimitsu, S;Tonogai, Y
通讯作者：
Tonogai, Y
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Duty SM;Singh NP;Silva MJ;Barr DB;Brock JW;Ryan L;Herrick RF;Christiani DC;Hauser R
通讯作者：
Hauser R