Comparative genome analysis of Spiroplasma melliferum IPMB4A, a honeybee-associated bacterium.
Comparative genome analysis of Spiroplasma melliferum IPMB4A, a honeybee-associated bacterium.
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DOI：
10.1186/1471-2164-14-22
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发表时间：
2013-01-16
期刊：
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Kuo CH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lo WS;Chen LL;Chung WC;Gasparich GE;Kuo CH
螺原体属包含一组柔膜菌纲中的螺旋、能动和无壁细菌。类似于这类的其他成员，如动物病原性支原体和植物病原性的“植物支原体”，所有特征螺原体物种被发现与真核宿主。虽然大多数螺原体属物种似乎是无害的昆虫寄生虫，但少数物种已经进化出对各种节肢动物和植物的致病性。在这项研究中，我们分离到一个新的菌株蜜蜂相关的S。通过全基因组鸟枪法测序和与其它柔膜菌基因组的比较分析，研究了该菌的遗传组成和进化历史。对S.意大利蜜蜂IPMB 4A产生大小为~1.1 Mb并且覆盖~80%的染色体的草图组装体。与迄今为止已经研究的其他螺原体基因组相似，我们发现该基因组含有丰富的重复序列，这些重复序列起源于plectrovirus插入。这些噬菌体片段是利用当前测序技术获得螺原体完整基因组序列的主要障碍。对S.意大利产螺旋体IPMB 4A与其他螺旋体基因组的比较表明，这些螺旋体可能促进了这些细菌中广泛的基因组重排，并有助于水平基因转移，从而导致物种特异性适应不同的真核宿主。此外，与其他柔膜菌门的基因含量比较表明，SEM（螺原体、虫原体和支原体）进化枝的共同祖先可能具有相对较大的基因组和灵活的代谢能力;现今支原体和“植物原体”物种的基因组极度减少可能是这些谱系中独立基因丢失的结果。这项研究的结果强调了噬菌体插入和水平基因转移在细菌基因组进化和致病性获得中的重要性。此外，螺原体在比较分析中的纳入提高了我们对柔膜菌属基因组进化的理解。未来的改进，在这组可用的基因组序列的分类单元采样提供进一步的见解，这些重要的人类，动物和植物的病原体的进化。
The genus Spiroplasma contains a group of helical, motile, and wall-less bacteria in the class Mollicutes. Similar to other members of this class, such as the animal-pathogenic Mycoplasma and the plant-pathogenic ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma’, all characterized Spiroplasma species were found to be associated with eukaryotic hosts. While most of the Spiroplasma species appeared to be harmless commensals of insects, a small number of species have evolved pathogenicity toward various arthropods and plants. In this study, we isolated a novel strain of honeybee-associated S. melliferum and investigated its genetic composition and evolutionary history by whole-genome shotgun sequencing and comparative analysis with other Mollicutes genomes. The whole-genome shotgun sequencing of S. melliferum IPMB4A produced a draft assembly that was ~1.1 Mb in size and covered ~80% of the chromosome. Similar to other Spiroplasma genomes that have been studied to date, we found that this genome contains abundant repetitive sequences that originated from plectrovirus insertions. These phage fragments represented a major obstacle in obtaining a complete genome sequence of Spiroplasma with the current sequencing technology. Comparative analysis of S. melliferum IPMB4A with other Spiroplasma genomes revealed that these phages may have facilitated extensive genome rearrangements in these bacteria and contributed to horizontal gene transfers that led to species-specific adaptation to different eukaryotic hosts. In addition, comparison of gene content with other Mollicutes suggested that the common ancestor of the SEM (Spiroplasma, Entomoplasma, and Mycoplasma) clade may have had a relatively large genome and flexible metabolic capacity; the extremely reduced genomes of present day Mycoplasma and ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma’ species are likely to be the result of independent gene losses in these lineages. The findings in this study highlighted the significance of phage insertions and horizontal gene transfer in the evolution of bacterial genomes and acquisition of pathogenicity. Furthermore, the inclusion of Spiroplasma in comparative analysis has improved our understanding of genome evolution in Mollicutes. Future improvements in the taxon sampling of available genome sequences in this group are required to provide further insights into the evolution of these important pathogens of humans, animals, and plants.
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影响因子：
14.9
作者：
Benson DA;Karsch-Mizrachi I;Lipman DJ;Ostell J;Sayers EW
通讯作者：
Sayers EW
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Dally, Ellen L.;Barros, Thereza S. L.;Davis, Robert E.
通讯作者：
Davis, Robert E.
DOI：
10.1099/00207713-35-3-296
发表时间：
1985-01-01
期刊：
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
CLARK, TB;WHITCOMB, RF;WILLIAMSON, DL
通讯作者：
WILLIAMSON, DL
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Killiny, N;Castroviejo, M;Saillard, C
通讯作者：
Saillard, C
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Bai, XD;Hogenhout, SA
通讯作者：
Hogenhout, SA