Strong Aversive Conditioning Triggers a Long-Lasting Generalized Aversion.
Strong Aversive Conditioning Triggers a Long-Lasting Generalized Aversion.
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DOI：
10.3389/fncel.2022.854315
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Turrigiano GG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ramos R;Wu CH;Turrigiano GG
泛化是一种适应性助记过程，在这种过程中，动物可以利用过去的学习经验来驾驭未来的情景，但过度泛化是焦虑症的一个特征。因此，了解支配记忆泛化及其持久性的突触可塑性机制是一个重要的目标。在这里，我们证明了强烈的CTA条件反射会导致持续至少2周的持久的广泛性厌恶。利用脑片电生理学和味觉皮质内条件性激活神经元整体的活动依赖标记，我们发现强烈的CTA条件反射诱导突触强度的长期增加，这种增加均匀地发生在GC的浅层和深层。反复暴露在盐中，这是一种普遍的味觉，导致与CTA诱导的突触强度增加逆转相关的普遍厌恶的迅速减弱。与跨层的均匀强化不同，广泛性厌恶的逆转会导致表层突触强度的更明显的抑制。最后，广义厌恶及其逆转并不影响对条件味精(糖精)的厌恶的获得和维持。广泛性厌恶和突触强化之间的强相关性，以及在反复盐暴露下浅层两者的逆转，有力地表明了浅层突触的变化有助于广泛性厌恶的形成和逆转。相反，深层突触强化的持续性与CTA的持续性相关。综上所述，我们的数据表明，层特定的突触可塑性机制分别控制CTA记忆的持久性和概括性。
Generalization is an adaptive mnemonic process in which an animal can leverage past learning experiences to navigate future scenarios, but overgeneralization is a hallmark feature of anxiety disorders. Therefore, understanding the synaptic plasticity mechanisms that govern memory generalization and its persistence is an important goal. Here, we demonstrate that strong CTA conditioning results in a long-lasting generalized aversion that persists for at least 2 weeks. Using brain slice electrophysiology and activity-dependent labeling of the conditioning-active neuronal ensemble within the gustatory cortex, we find that strong CTA conditioning induces a long-lasting increase in synaptic strengths that occurs uniformly across superficial and deep layers of GC. Repeated exposure to salt, the generalized tastant, causes a rapid attenuation of the generalized aversion that correlates with a reversal of the CTA-induced increases in synaptic strength. Unlike the uniform strengthening that happens across layers, reversal of the generalized aversion results in a more pronounced depression of synaptic strengths in superficial layers. Finally, the generalized aversion and its reversal do not impact the acquisition and maintenance of the aversion to the conditioned tastant (saccharin). The strong correlation between the generalized aversion and synaptic strengthening, and the reversal of both in superficial layers by repeated salt exposure, strongly suggests that the synaptic changes in superficial layers contribute to the formation and reversal of the generalized aversion. In contrast, the persistence of synaptic strengthening in deep layers correlates with the persistence of CTA. Taken together, our data suggest that layer-specific synaptic plasticity mechanisms separately govern the persistence and generalization of CTA memory.
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影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Cary BA;Turrigiano GG
通讯作者：
Turrigiano GG
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Maffei A;Haley M;Fontanini A
通讯作者：
Fontanini A
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Lin JY;Roman C;Arthurs J;Reilly S
通讯作者：
Reilly S
DOI：
10.3758/bf03213432
发表时间：
1975-01-01
期刊：
ANIMAL LEARNING & BEHAVIOR
影响因子：
--
作者：
DOMJAN, M
通讯作者：
DOMJAN, M
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
GALLO, M;ROLDAN, G;BURES, J
通讯作者：
BURES, J