Changes of Neolithic subsistence in south Hangzhou Bay coast, eastern China: An adaptive strategy to landscape processes.
Changes of Neolithic subsistence in south Hangzhou Bay coast, eastern China: An adaptive strategy to landscape processes.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2022.1000583
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Sun, Qianli
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dai, Jinqi;Deng, Lanjie;Feng, Dan;Zhao, Xiaoshuang;Wang, Huimin;Li, Xueming;Xiao, Li;Zhang, Xiaoyu;Chen, Jing;Li, Maotian;Chen, Zhongyuan;Liu, Yan;Sun, Qianli
从狩猎和采集到农业生存的转变是全球新石器时代革命的一个显着特征。杭州湾南岸是新石器时代一系列文化的发源地，全新世以来，杭州湾地区的地貌景观和人类生活都发生了巨大的变化，但两者之间的关系尚未建立。在这里，我们结合考古植物学的结果，从沉积物芯考古发现，以说明在新石器时代政权的背景下，在SHB景观过程中的生存变化。研究结果表明，SHB在8,200年前被海侵淹没，没有明显的人类痕迹。在8200 - 7600卡/年。BP，最初的沿海湿地形成的位置与半封闭的景观将促进活动的狩猎采集，初期水稻种植，并收集海鲜，如果可以访问。姚江流域多个沉积物柱样的花粉和植硅体证据表明，在随后的数百年里，湿地经历了一个淡化过程。这种环境的改善有利于YJV不同地点的间歇性水稻种植，那里缺乏考古证据。从7，000 - 6，600卡/年。BP，随着淡水湿地随着海岸扩张而扩大，各种各样的食物资源变得可用。与此同时，水稻驯化开始作为一个重要的食物补充，这是由微体化石结果和考古发现证明。随着5,500卡年后沿海平原的扩张。在英国石油公司，水稻种植变得普遍，大米消费在饮食中越来越重要，这是由升级的农具，丰富的大米遗骸和古代稻田的发现所支持的。最重要的是，从狩猎采集到水稻种植的生存变化表现出一种适应性策略，以应对从最初的海洋影响环境到后来的沿海平原的景观演变。
The transition from hunting and gathering to agricultural subsistence is a striking feature of the Neolithic revolution worldwide. Known as the cradle of a series of representative Neolithic cultures, south Hangzhou Bay (SHB) witnessed substantial changes in both landscape and human subsistence during the Holocene, yet the relationship between them was not well established. Here, we combined archaeobotanical results from sediment cores with archaeological findings to illustrate the subsistence changes during the Neolithic regime in the context of the landscape process in SHB. Our result showed that SHB was inundated by marine transgression 8,200 years ago without significant human imprints. At 8,200–7,600 cal yr. BP, the initial coastal wetland formation at locations with the semi-enclosed landscape would have facilitated the activities of hunting-gathering, incipient rice cultivation, and collecting seafood if accessible. Pollen and phytoliths evidence from multiple sediment cores in the Yaojiang Valley (YJV) suggested a desalinization process of wetland in the following hundreds of years. This amelioration of the environment had favored the intermittent rice cultivation at various locations in the YJV, where archaeological evidence was absent. Since 7,000–6,600 cal yr. BP, as freshwater wetland expanded with coastal progradation, a wide variety of food resources became available. Meanwhile, rice domestication began to serve as a crucial food supplement as evidenced by both microfossil results and archaeological findings. With the expansion of the coastal plain after 5,500 cal yr. BP, rice farming became widespread and rice consumption was increasingly important in the diet, as supported by discoveries of upgraded farming tools, abundant rice remains, and ancient rice paddies. Above all, the change of subsistence from hunting-gathering to rice farming exhibited an adaptive strategy in response to landscape evolution from an initial marine-influenced setting to a later coastal plain.
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