A method to estimate the chronic health impact of air pollutants in U.S. residences.
A method to estimate the chronic health impact of air pollutants in U.S. residences.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.1104035
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发表时间：
2012-02
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Singer BC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Logue JM;Price PN;Sherman MH;Singer BC
背景：室内空气污染物（IAP）会对人体健康造成多种影响。要确定对个别污染物有不同影响的减缓备选办法的优先次序，并将综合行动方案与其他环境健康危害进行比较，就需要有一个共同的危害衡量标准。目标：我们的目标是展示一种方法来量化和比较IAP的健康影响。该方法需要评估人口健康的影响，大规模的倡议，包括能源效率升级和通风标准，影响室内空气质量（IAQ）。研究方法：现有的疾病发病率和疾病的影响模型，具体的污染物-疾病的组合进行了合成与测量浓度的数据，以估计慢性健康的影响，在残疾调整生命年（DAPs）的损失，由于吸入一个子集的IAP在美国的住宅。模型的结果进行了比较，独立估计的DADs损失由于疾病。结果如下：空气动力学直径≤ 2.5 μm的颗粒物（PM2.5）、丙烯醛和甲醛占本分析中考虑的IAP造成的DALY损失的绝大多数，其影响与二手烟草烟雾和氡的估计值相当或更大。从基于流行病学的响应函数中得到的数据丢失的置信区间比从基于毒理学的种间外推得到的数据丢失的置信区间更紧。美国疾病发病率的统计数据表明，IAP伤害的上限置信区间高得令人难以置信。结论：在这项研究中展示的方法可以用来评估区域和国家的举措，影响室内空气质量在人口水平。在本研究中评估的美国住宅中吸入IAP的累积健康影响估计为每100，000人每年损失400- 1，100 DALLS。
Background: Indoor air pollutants (IAPs) cause multiple health impacts. Prioritizing mitigation options that differentially affect individual pollutants and comparing IAPs with other environmental health hazards require a common metric of harm. Objectives: Our objective was to demonstrate a methodology to quantify and compare health impacts from IAPs. The methodology is needed to assess population health impacts of large-scale initiatives—including energy efficiency upgrades and ventilation standards—that affect indoor air quality (IAQ). Methods: Available disease incidence and disease impact models for specific pollutant–disease combinations were synthesized with data on measured concentrations to estimate the chronic heath impact, in disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) lost, due to inhalation of a subset of IAPs in U.S. residences. Model results were compared with independent estimates of DALYs lost due to disease. Results: Particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5), acrolein, and formaldehyde accounted for the vast majority of DALY losses caused by IAPs considered in this analysis, with impacts on par or greater than estimates for secondhand tobacco smoke and radon. Confidence intervals of DALYs lost derived from epidemiology-based response functions are tighter than those derived from toxicology-based, interspecies extrapolations. Statistics on disease incidence in the United States indicate that the upper-bound confidence interval for aggregate IAP harm is implausibly high. Conclusions: The approach demonstrated in this study may be used to assess regional and national initiatives that affect IAQ at the population level. Cumulative health impacts from inhalation in U.S. residences of the IAPs assessed in this study are estimated at 400–1,100 DALYs lost annually per 100,000 persons.
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DOI：
10.1038/sj.jea.7500361
发表时间：
2004-04-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE ANALYSIS AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
Nazaroff, WW;Singer, BC
通讯作者：
Singer, BC
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
McKenna, MT;Michaud, CM;Marks, JS
通讯作者：
Marks, JS
影响因子：
0.5
作者：
Agarwal, Neil K.;Sharma, Prerna;Agarwal, Shashi K.
通讯作者：
Agarwal, Shashi K.
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Künzli N;Jerrett M;Mack WJ;Beckerman B;LaBree L;Gilliland F;Thomas D;Peters J;Hodis HN
通讯作者：
Hodis HN
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Fisk, W. J.;Black, D.;Brunner, G.
通讯作者：
Brunner, G.