The multiplicity of malaria transmission: a review of entomological inoculation rate measurements and methods across sub-Saharan Africa.

The multiplicity of malaria transmission: a review of entomological inoculation rate measurements and methods across sub-Saharan Africa.
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DOI:
10.1186/1475-2875-8-19
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发表时间:
2009-01-23
期刊:
影响因子:
3
通讯作者:
McKenzie FE
McKenzie FE
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kelly-Hope LA;McKenzie FE

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恶性疟疾是一种严重的热带疾病,每年造成100多万人死亡,其中大部分在非洲。它是由一系列按蚊传播的,疾病风险在整个非洲大陆差异很大。“昆虫学接种率”是衡量疟疾传播强度的常用指标,但目前使用的方法没有标准化,也没有考虑到不同人群的生态、人口和社会经济差异。为了更好地了解疟疾传播的多样性,这项研究检查了撒哈拉以南非洲地区的传播强度分布,审查了所使用的方法范围,并探索了选定地点的生态参数。它建立在一个广泛的地理参考数据库的基础上,并使用地理信息系统来突出传播模式、知识差距、趋势和方法随时间的变化,以及土地利用、人口密度、气候和主要蚊子物种之间的主要差异。其目的是改进衡量疟疾传播的方法,帮助制定前进的道路,以便我们能够更好地评估大规模干预方案以及整个非洲正在发生的人口和环境快速变化的影响。
Plasmodium falciparum malaria is a serious tropical disease that causes more than one million deaths each year, most of them in Africa. It is transmitted by a range of Anopheles mosquitoes and the risk of disease varies greatly across the continent. The "entomological inoculation rate" is the commonly-used measure of the intensity of malaria transmission, yet the methods used are currently not standardized, nor do they take the ecological, demographic, and socioeconomic differences across populations into account. To better understand the multiplicity of malaria transmission, this study examines the distribution of transmission intensity across sub-Saharan Africa, reviews the range of methods used, and explores ecological parameters in selected locations. It builds on an extensive geo-referenced database and uses geographical information systems to highlight transmission patterns, knowledge gaps, trends and changes in methodologies over time, and key differences between land use, population density, climate, and the main mosquito species. The aim is to improve the methods of measuring malaria transmission, to help develop the way forward so that we can better assess the impact of the large-scale intervention programmes, and rapid demographic and environmental change taking place across Africa.
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