Using a co-twin control design to evaluate alternative trait measures as indices of liability for substance use disorders.
Using a co-twin control design to evaluate alternative trait measures as indices of liability for substance use disorders.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2019.11.012
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发表时间：
2020-02
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Patrick, Christopher J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Joyner, Keanan J.;Yancey, James R.;Venables, Noah C.;Burwell, Scott J.;Iacono, William G.;Patrick, Christopher J.
要建立一个特质倾向变量作为发展的物质使用障碍（SUDs）的责任指标，该特质必须共享遗传变异与SUDs和它的协会不应该主要归因于SUDs的直接影响的特点，定义的特点。目前的工作应用了双胞胎控制（CTC）建模方法，从两个同卵双胞胎样本的数据，调查在何种程度上不同的措施的特质冲动代表指标的脆弱性SUD（责任指标），或结果或伴随SUD（暴露指标）。五因素模型（FFM）的特质，通过自我报告进行了评估，并通过自我报告和使用自我报告和大脑反应的措施相结合的对应的神经行为特质的去抑制进行了评估。FFM性状数据可用于一个双胞胎样本（N = 298）; P3脑反应的变异体数据可用于另一个样本（N = 258）的去抑制量表测量（沿着）。CTC分析显示，只有暴露效应的SUD的行为学对FFM的忠诚度，表明这种自我报告评估的特点并不指数SUD的责任。相比之下，去抑制量表测量显示出明显的责任和较弱的基于安全的关联与SUD-当量化使用量表评分与P3脑反应，基于安全的关联被消除，这样，这种去抑制措施与SUD症状完全作为一个功能的责任影响。这些研究结果突出了一个明显的优势，量化的特质在神经行为方面-即，有能力有效地指数倾向性的精神病理结果。
To establish a trait-dispositional variable as an indicator of liability for the development of substance use disorders (SUDs), the trait must share heritable variance with SUDs and its association should not be primarily attributable to a direct impact of SUDs on characteristics that define the trait. The current work applied a co-twin control (CTC) modeling approach to data from two monozygotic twin samples to investigate the degree to which different measures of trait-impulsiveness represent indicants of vulnerability to SUDs (liability indicators), or outcomes or concomitants of SUDs (exposure indicators). The Five Factor Model (FFM) trait of conscientiousness was assessed via self-report, and a counterpart neurobehavioral trait of disinhibition was assessed both through self-report and using self-report and brain response measures combined. FFM trait data were available for one twin sample (N = 298); data for variants of P3 brain response were available along with a scale measure of disinhibition in the other (N = 258). CTC analyses revealed only an exposure effect of SUD symptomatology on FFM conscientiousness, indicating that this self-report assessed trait does not index liability for SUDs. By contrast, the disinhibition scale measure showed pronounced liability and weaker exposure-based associations with SUDs – and when quantified using scale scores together with P3 brain response, the exposure-based association was eliminated, such that this disinhibition measure related to SUD symptoms exclusively as a function of liability influences. These findings highlight a distinct advantage of quantifying traits in neurobehavioral terms – namely, the capacity to effectively index dispositional liability for psychopathological outcomes.
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