Dopamine neurons create Pavlovian conditioned stimuli with circuit-defined motivational properties.

Dopamine neurons create Pavlovian conditioned stimuli with circuit-defined motivational properties.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41593-018-0191-4
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发表时间:
2018-08
影响因子:
25
通讯作者:
Janak PH
Janak PH
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Saunders BT;Richard JM;Margolis EB;Janak PH

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环境线索,通过巴甫洛夫学习,成为条件刺激,引导动物获得“奖励”(即,食物是生存所必需的。在这里,我们测试的基本作用中脑多巴胺神经元赋予预测和激励性质的线索,独立于外部奖励。我们证明,短暂的阶段性光遗传学兴奋的多巴胺神经元,当呈现在时间关联与离散的感觉线索,是足以例示这些线索作为条件刺激,随后都引起多巴胺神经元活动对自己的,并引发线索锁定的条件行为。重要的是,我们确定高度包裹的功能投射到纹状体的不同区域的多巴胺神经元亚群,揭示了可分离的多巴胺系统的激励价值和条件运动的激励。这些结果表明,多巴胺神经元通过功能异质的、特定于回路的激励信号来协调巴甫洛夫条件反射,以创建、门控和塑造线索控制的行为。
Environmental cues, through Pavlovian learning, become conditioned stimuli that guide animals towards the acquisition of “rewards” (i.e., food) that are necessary for survival. Here, we test the fundamental role of midbrain dopamine neurons in conferring predictive and motivational properties to cues, independent of external rewards. We demonstrate that brief phasic optogenetic excitation of dopamine neurons, when presented in temporal association with discrete sensory cues, is sufficient to instantiate those cues as conditioned stimuli that subsequently both evoke dopamine neuron activity on their own, and elicit cue-locked conditioned behavior. Critically, we identify highly parcellated functions for dopamine neuron subpopulations projecting to different regions of striatum, revealing dissociable dopamine systems for the generation of incentive value and conditioned movement invigoration. These results show that dopamine neurons orchestrate Pavlovian conditioning via functionally heterogeneous, circuit-specific motivational signals to create, gate, and shape cue-controlled behaviors.
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