The drive to strive: goal generation based on current needs.
The drive to strive: goal generation based on current needs.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2013.00112
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Rudebeck PH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Murray EA;Rudebeck PH
饥饿的动物在觅食时会受到多种不同因素的影响。关于动物觅食的大部分工作都集中在与动物寻找和收获食物所花费的时间和精力相关的因素上。强调这些因素的模型对于确定动物何时寻找新牧场是有益的非常有价值。然而，在觅食时，动物还必须确定如何引导搜索方向。他们应该寻找什么食物？当你吃饱了某种特定的食物时，再去寻找它是没有意义的。在这里，我们回顾了猕猴和人类的工作，这些工作试图揭示对于确定我们环境中不同食物和相关物体的主观价值并随着时间的推移跟踪该价值至关重要的神经回路。越来越多的证据表明，由眶额皮层（OFC）、杏仁核和内侧丘脑组成的网络对于将环境中的物体与食物价值联系起来并根据当前的生物需求实时调整这些评估至关重要。使用暂时失活方法的研究表明，杏仁核和 OFC 在这一评估过程中发挥着独特但互补的作用。这种用于确定不同食物以及相关对象的主观价值的网络必须与确定觅食地点和时间的系统进行交互。只有有效地将这两个因素纳入决策中，动物才能实现最大的适应性。
Hungry animals are influenced by a multitude of different factors when foraging for sustenance. Much of the work on animal foraging has focused on factors relating to the amount of time and energy animals expend searching for and harvesting foods. Models that emphasize such factors have been invaluable in determining when it is beneficial for an animal to search for pastures new. When foraging, however, animals also have to determine how to direct their search. For what food should they forage? There is no point searching for more of a particular food when you are sated from eating it. Here we review work in macaques and humans that has sought to reveal the neural circuits critical for determining the subjective value of different foods and associated objects in our environment and tracking this value over time. There is mounting evidence that a network composed of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), amygdala, and medial thalamus is critical for linking objects in the environment with food value and adjusting those valuations in real time based on current biological needs. Studies using temporary inactivation methods have revealed that the amygdala and OFC play distinct yet complementary roles in this valuation process. Such a network for determining the subjective value of different foods and, by extension, associated objects, must interact with systems that determine where and for how long to forage. Only by efficiently incorporating these two factors into their decisions will animals be able to achieve maximal fitness.
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DOI：
10.1037/h0077848
发表时间：
1981-01-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
AGGLETON, JP;PASSINGHAM, RE
通讯作者：
PASSINGHAM, RE
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
GOLDMANRAKIC, PS;PORRINO, LJ
通讯作者：
PORRINO, LJ
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Agustin-Pavon, Carmen;Parkinson, John;Roberts, Angela C.
通讯作者：
Roberts, Angela C.
影响因子：
25
作者：
通讯作者：
--
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
BALLEINE, B;BALL, J;DICKINSON, A
通讯作者：
DICKINSON, A