Enamel: Molecular identity of its transepithelial ion transport system.

Enamel: Molecular identity of its transepithelial ion transport system.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.ceca.2017.03.006
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发表时间:
2017-07
期刊:
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Lacruz RS
Lacruz RS
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lacruz RS

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釉质是脊椎动物中钙化程度最高的组织。它与骨的许多特征不同,包括它起源于外胚层上皮,缺乏釉质形成细胞的重塑能力,以及缺乏胶原。釉质形成细胞被称为成釉细胞,它们首先设计合成一种独特的富含蛋白质的基质,然后将这种基质矿化成含有95%矿物质的组织。为此,成釉细胞安排离子通过细胞屏障的协调移动,同时去除基质蛋白并使用各种缓冲系统监测细胞外pH,以使碳化磷灰石晶体得以生长。尽管我们对这些过程和参与跨上皮细胞离子转运的蛋白质的分子同一性的了解在过去十年中有所增加,但与其他细胞相比仍然有限。在这里,我们概述了釉质的进化和发展,它与骨的区别,并描述了与成釉细胞相关的离子转运系统。
Enamel is the most calcified tissue in vertebrates. It differs from bone in a number of characteristics including its origin from ectodermal epithelium, lack of remodeling capacity by the enamel forming cells, and absence of collagen. The enamel-forming cells known as ameloblasts, choreograph first the synthesis of a unique protein-rich matrix, followed by the mineralization of this matrix into a tissue that is ~95% mineral. To do this, ameloblasts arrange the coordinated movement of ions across a cell barrier while removing matrix proteins and monitoring extracellular pH using a variety of buffering systems to enable the growth of carbonated apatite crystals. Although our knowledge of these processes and the molecular identity of the proteins involved in transepithelial ion transport has increased in the last decade, it remains limited compared to other cells. Here we present an overview of the evolution and development of enamel, its differences with bone, and describe the ion transport systems associated with ameloblasts.
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