The neural bases of distraction and reappraisal.
The neural bases of distraction and reappraisal.
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DOI：
10.1162/jocn.2009.21243
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发表时间：
2010-02
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Ochsner KN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McRae K;Hughes B;Chopra S;Gabrieli JD;Gross JJ;Ochsner KN
分心和重新评价是认知情绪调节的两种常用形式。功能性神经影像学研究表明，每一个都依赖于前额叶皮层和边缘系统之间的相互作用，前额叶皮层被解释为执行认知控制，边缘系统被解释为调解情绪反应。然而，没有研究直接比较分心和重新评价，因此仍然不清楚它们是否利用了不同的神经机制，并产生不同的情绪后果。目前的fMRI研究比较了分心和重新评价，并发现两种形式的情绪调节之间的相似性和差异。两者都导致负面情绪减少，杏仁核的激活减少，前额和扣带区域的激活增加。相对于分心，重新评价导致更大的负面影响，更大的增加与处理情感意义（内侧前额叶和前颞叶皮层）相关的区域网络。相对于重新评价，分心导致杏仁核激活的更大程度的减少，以及前额叶和顶叶区域激活的更大程度增加。综上所述，这些数据表明，分心和重新评价不同地参与神经系统参与注意力部署和认知重构，并有不同的情绪后果。
Distraction and reappraisal are two commonly used forms of cognitive emotion regulation. Functional neuroimaging studies have shown that each one depends upon interactions between prefrontal cortex, interpreted as implementing cognitive control, and limbic regions, interpreted as mediating emotional responses. However, no study has directly compared distraction with reappraisal, and it thus remains unclear whether they draw upon different neural mechanisms and have different emotional consequences. The present fMRI study compared distraction and reappraisal, and found both similarities and differences between the two forms of emotion regulation. Both resulted in decreased negative affect, decreased activation in the amygdala, and increased activation in prefrontal and cingulate regions. Relative to distraction, reappraisal led to greater decreases in negative affect, and greater increases in a network of regions associated with processing affective meaning (medial prefrontal and anterior temporal cortices). Relative to reappraisal, distraction led to greater decreases in amygdala activation, and greater increases in activation in prefrontal and parietal regions. Taken together, these data suggest that distraction and reappraisal differentially engage neural systems involved in attentional deployment and cognitive reframing, and have different emotional consequences.
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