Neurotoxicants, the Developing Brain, and Mental Health.
Neurotoxicants, the Developing Brain, and Mental Health.
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神经毒物、发育中的大脑和心理健康。
DOI：
10.1016/j.bpsgos.2022.05.002
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发表时间：
2022-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
虽然城市环境中的生活可能带来许多好处，但也可能导致各种接触，对神经发育和神经心理健康造成有毒后果。神经毒物是任何大量的化学品或物质，干扰正常功能和/或损害适应中枢和/或外周神经系统。有证据表明，神经毒性效应在子宫内和幼儿期产生的影响更大。最近的研究结果探索神经水平的机制提供了一个重要的机会，探索环境条件可能会“在皮肤下”影响一些心理行为和认知过程的方式，最终允许宏观和微观层面的努力之间更大的协同作用，以改善神经毒物暴露的心理健康。在这篇综述中，我们提供了3种类型的神经毒物相关的建筑环境和相关的大脑发育在儿童和青少年：铅暴露，室外颗粒物污染，内分泌干扰化学品的概述。我们还讨论了这些神经毒物影响中枢神经系统功能的机制，包括神经影像学文献的最新证据。此外，我们讨论了神经毒物和心理健康在发展过程中的社会决定因素的背景下，以及如何在神经毒物暴露的空间分布差异导致健康的差距，不成比例地影响低收入和少数民族人口。将社会系统及其对神经毒物暴露和下游心理健康的影响纳入其中的多方面方法将是降低社会成本和改善儿童、青少年和成人生活质量的关键。
While life in urban environments may confer a number of benefits, it may also result in a variety of exposures, with toxic consequences for neurodevelopment and neuropsychological health. Neurotoxicants are any of a large number of chemicals or substances that interfere with normal function and/or compromise adaptation in the central and/or peripheral nervous system. Evidence suggests that neurotoxicant effects have a greater effect when occurring in utero and during early childhood. Recent findings exploring neural-level mechanisms provide a crucial opportunity to explore the ways in which environmental conditions may get “under the skin” to impact a number of psychological behaviors and cognitive processes, ultimately allowing for greater synergy between macro- and microlevel efforts to improve mental health in the presence of neurotoxicant exposures. In this review, we provide an overview of 3 types of neurotoxicants related to the built environment and relevant to brain development during childhood and adolescence: lead exposure, outdoor particulate matter pollution, and endocrine-disrupting chemicals. We also discuss mechanisms through which these neurotoxicants affect central nervous system function, including recent evidence from neuroimaging literature. Furthermore, we discuss neurotoxicants and mental health during development in the context of social determinants and how differences in the spatial distribution of neurotoxicant exposures result in health disparities that disproportionately affect low-income and minority populations. Multifaceted approaches incorporating social systems and their effect on neurotoxicant exposures and downstream mental health will be key to reduce societal costs and improve quality of life for children, adolescents, and adults.
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影响因子：
8.3
作者：
Brunst, Kelly J.;Ryan, Patrick H.;Cecil, Kim M.
通讯作者：
Cecil, Kim M.
DOI：
10.1017/s2040174410000486
发表时间：
2011-02-01
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Cecil, K. M.
通讯作者：
Cecil, K. M.
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Braun JM;Yolton K;Dietrich KN;Hornung R;Ye X;Calafat AM;Lanphear BP
通讯作者：
Lanphear BP
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Brockmeyer S;D'Angiulli A
通讯作者：
D'Angiulli A
美国儿童的环境有毒物质和注意力缺陷多动障碍的暴露。
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Braun, Joe M;Kahn, Robert S;Froehlich, Tanya;Auinger, Peggy;Lanphear, Bruce P
通讯作者：
Lanphear, Bruce P