Early Health Risk Factors for Violence: Conceptualization, Review of the Evidence, and Implications.
Early Health Risk Factors for Violence: Conceptualization, Review of the Evidence, and Implications.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.avb.2010.12.003
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Liu, Jianghong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Jianghong
关键词：
Health risk factorsAlcohol during pregnancyTobacco during pregnancyToxicity and drugs during pregnancyHead injury during early childhoodTeenage pregnancyBirth complicationsMalnutrition of the pregnant motherMalnutrition during early postnatal yearsBrain dysfunctionAggressionChild behavior problemsViolence preventionProtective factorsMediating factorsBiosocial interaction
暴力和攻击是公共卫生问题，可以从正在进行的减少和预防风险的研究中受益。目前的暴力和攻击发展理论强调生物和心理社会因素，特别是在青春期。然而，对理解这些过程的互动和倍增效应的关注较少。此外，很少注意产前、产中和产后阶段，而预防和干预在这些阶段可能会产生有效的效果。影响负面行为结果的早期健康风险因素包括产前和产后营养、怀孕期间吸烟、产妇抑郁、分娩并发症、创伤性脑损伤、铅暴露和虐待儿童。有大量的文献表明，这些早期健康风险因素可能会增加儿童期外化行为、攻击性、青少年犯罪、成人犯罪行为和/或暴力的可能性。本文基于现有的犯罪行为发展理论并得到实证研究结果的支持，提出了一个用于暴力预测的早期健康风险因素框架。该框架解决了青少年精神病理学文献中的空白，并提出了一种新的行为障碍概念，强调产前，产后和产后时期，当孩子的发展是至关重要的，行为和环境修改的机会很高。这样一个框架对暴力预防方案的影响进行了讨论。
Violence and aggression are public health problems that can benefit from ongoing research into risk reduction and prevention. Current developmental theories of violence and aggression emphasize biological and psychosocial factors, particularly during adolescence. However, there has been less focus on understanding the interactive, multiplicative effects of these processes. Furthermore, little attention has been given to the pre-, peri-, and postnatal periods, where prevention and intervention may yield effective results. Early health risk factors that influence negative behavioral outcomes include prenatal and postnatal nutrition, tobacco use during pregnancy, maternal depression, birth complications, traumatic brain injury, lead exposure, and child abuse. There is an ample literature to suggest that these early health risk factors may increase the likelihood of childhood externalizing behaviors, aggression, juvenile delinquency, adult criminal behavior, and/or violence. This paper proposes an early health risk factors framework for violence prediction, built on existing developmental theories of criminal behavior and supported by empirical findings. This framework addresses gaps in the adolescent psychopathology literature and presents a novel conceptualization of behavioral disturbance that emphasizes the pre-, peri-, and post-natal periods, when a child’s development is critical and the opportunity for behavioral and environmental modification is high. Implications for such a framework on violence prevention programs are discussed.
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