Role of Structural, Metabolic, and Functional MRI in Monitoring Visual System Impairment and Recovery.
Role of Structural, Metabolic, and Functional MRI in Monitoring Visual System Impairment and Recovery.
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DOI：
10.1002/jmri.27367
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发表时间：
2021-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Chan KC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sims JR;Chen AM;Sun Z;Deng W;Colwell NA;Colbert MK;Zhu J;Sainulabdeen A;Faiq MA;Bang JW;Chan KC
视觉系统由眼睛和大脑的视觉通路组成，接收和解释来自环境的光，以便我们能够感知周围的世界。各种各样的疾病可以影响人类视觉，从视觉到神经系统到系统性。虽然其他非侵入性成像技术，如光学相干断层扫描和超声可以成像视觉系统的特定部分，磁共振成像（MRI）提供了高分辨率，没有深度限制。与计算机断层扫描相比，MRI在整个路径中也提供了上级软组织对比度。通过利用不同的成像序列，MRI独特地能够从微观到宏观水平揭示人类视觉系统中眼部解剖学、组织生理学和神经功能的复杂过程。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了如何结构，代谢和功能磁共振成像可用于临床评估的正常和病理状态的解剖结构的视觉系统，包括眼睛，视神经，视交叉，视束，视觉脑核，视辐射和视觉皮质区。我们详细介绍了最近MRI在视觉通路沿着每个位置的临床应用，包括病理学评价，可塑性和恢复的潜力，以及其局限性和正在进行的探索的关键领域。我们的讨论，目前和未来的发展，磁共振眼部和神经成像突出了其潜在的影响，我们的能力，以了解视觉功能的新的细节，并提高我们的保护和治疗的解剖结构，是不可分割的这个基本的感觉系统。
The visual system, consisting of the eyes and the visual pathways of the brain, receives and interprets light from the environment so that we can perceive the world around us. A wide variety of disorders can affect human vision, ranging from ocular to neurologic to systemic in nature. While other noninvasive imaging techniques such as optical coherence tomography and ultrasound can image particular sections of the visual system, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers high resolution without depth limitations. MRI also gives superior soft-tissue contrast throughout the entire pathway compared to computed tomography. By leveraging different imaging sequences, MRI is uniquely capable of unveiling the intricate processes of ocular anatomy, tissue physiology, and neurological function in the human visual system from the microscopic to macroscopic levels. In this review we discuss how structural, metabolic, and functional MRI can be used in the clinical assessment of normal and pathologic states in the anatomic structures of the visual system, including the eyes, optic nerves, optic chiasm, optic tracts, visual brain nuclei, optic radiations, and visual cortical areas. We detail a selection of recent clinical applications of MRI at each position along the visual pathways, including the evaluation of pathology, plasticity, and the potential for restoration, as well as its limitations and key areas of ongoing exploration. Our discussion of the current and future developments in MR ocular and neuroimaging highlights its potential impact on our ability to understand visual function in new detail and to improve our protection and treatment of anatomic structures that are integral to this fundamental sensory system.
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作者：
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