Specialized Ribosomes in Health and Disease.

Specialized Ribosomes in Health and Disease.
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DOI:
10.3390/ijms24076334
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发表时间:
2023-03-28
影响因子:
5.6
通讯作者:
Karamyshev, Andrey L.
Karamyshev, Andrey L.
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Miller, Sarah C.;MacDonald, Clinton C.;Kellogg, Morgana K.;Karamysheva, Zemfira N.;Karamyshev, Andrey L.

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核糖体异质性存在于细胞内和不同细胞类型之间,在特定的发育阶段,并在对环境刺激的反应中发生。越来越多的证据支持存在专门的核糖体,或核糖体的特定变化,调节一组特定转录本的翻译。这些改变已被证明会影响核糖体对某些mRNA的亲和力或改变出口通道处新生多肽的共翻译折叠。特化核糖体的鉴定需要不同核糖体蛋白质的掺入或对rRNA和/或蛋白质的修饰的证据,所述修饰导致翻译中的生理学相关变化。在这篇综述中,我们总结了哺乳动物核糖体的异质性和专业化,并讨论了它们与几种人类疾病的关系。
Ribosomal heterogeneity exists within cells and between different cell types, at specific developmental stages, and occurs in response to environmental stimuli. Mounting evidence supports the existence of specialized ribosomes, or specific changes to the ribosome that regulate the translation of a specific group of transcripts. These alterations have been shown to affect the affinity of ribosomes for certain mRNAs or change the cotranslational folding of nascent polypeptides at the exit tunnel. The identification of specialized ribosomes requires evidence of the incorporation of different ribosomal proteins or of modifications to rRNA and/or protein that lead(s) to physiologically relevant changes in translation. In this review, we summarize ribosomal heterogeneity and specialization in mammals and discuss their relevance to several human diseases.
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