Biofluid mechanics of special organs and the issue of system control. Sixth International Bio-Fluid Mechanics Symposium and Workshop, March 28-30, 2008 Pasadena, California.
Biofluid mechanics of special organs and the issue of system control. Sixth International Bio-Fluid Mechanics Symposium and Workshop, March 28-30, 2008 Pasadena, California.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10439-010-9902-z
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发表时间：
2010-03
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Gaver, Donald P., III
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zamir, Mair;Moore, James E., Jr.;Fujioka, Hideki;Gaver, Donald P., III
关键词：
在人体流体流动领域，自威廉·哈维认识到血液实际上是连续循环并由血管网络携带以来，体循环中的血液流动一直是主要的焦点。但在体循环之外，其他液体和其他流体流动现象如此全面地遍及人体，以至于很难想象任何一种身体功能与液体或流体流动无关。事实上，对体循环的研究不仅局限于所涉及的液体类型，而且还局限于体循环提供的服务类型-第一种是血液，当然，第二种是运输-体循环的主要功能是提供一种将血液从心脏输送到组织细胞并再输送回来的手段。人体内一些最迷人的流体流动现象涉及血液以外的液体和运输以外的服务——淋巴系统和肺系统提供了两个引人注目的例子。本文概述了这两种体系的特殊流体力学。虽然在这两种情况下仍涉及运输，但这不是它们提供的唯一服务，血液也不是唯一涉及的液体。在这两种系统中，过滤、萃取、富集和通常对流体本身的一些“处理”是主要功能。在肺系统中，肺的液体衬里起着举足轻重的作用，组织与液体之间的力学相互作用对肺的生存至关重要。在疾病状态下，如呼吸窘迫综合征，衬里液可能功能失调，导致气体交换减少和敏感肺组织受损。体循环的研究传统上也仅限于将系统视为一个开环系统，其中主要的血流动力学变量（如压力和流量）由流体力学定律控制，而独立于控制这些变量的生理控制和调节。这意味着系统的任何故障都可以用流体力学定律来完全解释，当然情况并非如此。由于血管中的物理阻塞引起的系统故障可以很容易地用流体力学定律来解释，但由于心律失常引起的系统故障却不能。在本文中，我们检查这些问题的临床意义和特殊的生物流体力学问题，出现在淋巴和肺系统。
In the field of fluid flow within the human body, blood flow in the systemic circulation has been the main focus since the recognition by William Harvey that blood was in fact in continuous circulation and carried by a network of blood vessels. But beyond the systemic circulation, other fluids and other fluid flow phenomena pervade the body so totally that it would be hard to imagine a bodily function of any kind that does not involve fluids or fluid flow. In fact, the study of the systemic circulation is limited to not only the type of fluid involved but also to the type of service which the systemic circulation provides - the first being blood, of course, the second is transport - the principal function of the systemic circulation is to provide a means of transporting blood continuously from the heart to tissue cells and back again. Some of the most fascinating fluid flow phenomena within the human body involve fluids other than blood and a service other than transport- the lymphatic and pulmonary systems provide two striking examples. In this paper we outline the special fluid mechanics of these two systems. While transport is still involved in both cases, this is not the only service which they provide and blood is not the only fluid involved. In both systems, filtration, extraction, enrichment, and in general some “treatment” of the fluid itself is the primary function. In the pulmonary system, the liquid lining of the lungs plays a pivotal role, and the mechanical interaction between tissue and liquid is of key importance to lung viability. In disease states such as respiratory distress syndrome, the lining fluid can become dysfunctional, leading to reduced gas exchange and damage to sensitive pulmonary tissues. The study of the systemic circulation has also been conventionally limited to treating the system as if it were an open-loop system in which the main hemodynamic variables such as pressure and flow are governed by the laws of fluid mechanics independently from the physiological controls and regulations that govern these same variables. This implies that any failure of the system can be fully explained in terms of the laws of fluid mechanics, which of course is not the case. While a system failure due to a physical obstruction in a blood vessel can be readily explained in terms of the laws of fluid mechanics, a system failure due to arrhythmia cannot. In this paper we examine the clinical implications of these issues and of the special biofluid mechanics issues that arise in the lymphatic and pulmonary systems.
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DOI：
10.1165/rcmb.2006-0040oc
发表时间：
2006-12-01
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Chu, Eric K.;Cheng, Jason;Drazen, Jeffrey M.
通讯作者：
Drazen, Jeffrey M.
影响因子：
3.8
作者：
de Vries, M.;Vonkeman, W. G.;Hoekstra, H. J.
通讯作者：
Hoekstra, H. J.
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Cassidy, KJ;Halpern, D;Grotberg, JB
通讯作者：
Grotberg, JB
影响因子：
5
作者：
FORTES, ZB;SCIVOLETTO, R;GARCIALEME, J
通讯作者：
GARCIALEME, J
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Dixon, JB;Zawieja, DC;Coté, GL
通讯作者：
Coté, GL