Fast thinking: Implications for democratic politics

Fast thinking: Implications for democratic politics
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快速思考:对民主政治的影响

DOI:
10.1111/1475-6765.12113
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发表时间:
2015
影响因子:
5.3
通讯作者:
STOKER G
STOKER G
中科院分区:
法学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
STOKER G

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一个关于认知的主要研究方案是围绕着这样一种观点建立的:人类往往是直觉思维者,而人类的直觉是不完美的。政治的现代营销和许多公民的时间贫困状况表明,“快速”,直觉,在许多当代民主国家中无处不在。本文探讨了这种快速思维可能对当代政治的民主实践产生的影响。使用具有一系列人口统计特征的焦点小组,刺激对政治如何运作的快速思考,然后在相同的参与者中进行更具反思性和集体审议性的慢速思考。在所有群体中,快速思维模式下的参与者对政治的运作方式明显比慢速思维模式下的参与者更加消极和不屑一顾。公民中快速思考的焦点可能足以支持主流政治交流,但代价是支持对政治及其运作方式的普遍消极态度。然而,打破快速思维的循环--正如深思熟虑理论家所倡导的那样--可能并不简单,因为快速思维的控制力。如果仔细运用,快/慢思维的区别可以为政治学提供有价值的新见解。
A major programme of research on cognition has been built around the idea that human beings are frequently intuitive thinkers and that human intuition is imperfect. The modern marketing of politics and the time‐poor position of many citizens suggests that ‘fast’, intuitive, thinking in many contemporary democracies is ubiquitous. This article explores the consequences that such fast thinking might have for the democratic practice of contemporary politics. Using focus groups with a range of demographic profiles, fast thinking about how politics works is stimulated and followed by a more reflective and collectively deliberative form of slow thinking among the same participants. A strong trajectory emerges consistently in all groups in that in fast thinking mode participants are noticeably more negative and dismissive about the workings of politics than when in slow thinking mode. A fast thinking focus among citizens may be good enough to underwrite mainstream political exchange, but at the cost of supporting a general negativity about politics and the way it works. Yet breaking the cycle of fast thinking – as advocated by deliberation theorists – might not be straightforward because of the grip of fast thinking. The fast/slow thinking distinction, if carefully used, offers valuable new insight into political science.
DOI: --
发表时间: 2000
期刊:
影响因子: --
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