Migration outside large cities: a comparison of the hiring of migrants for the food processing industry in the United States and Japan.
Migration outside large cities: a comparison of the hiring of migrants for the food processing industry in the United States and Japan.
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DOI：
10.1186/s40878-021-00258-w
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Mazumi Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mazumi Y
最近的研究表明，食品加工业雇用移民增加了富裕的移民接收国大城市以外的移民人口。本研究探讨了美国肉类加工业和日本的海鲜加工业，特别是，已经开发了一个依赖于移民，它这样做，以确定是否以及如何一个共同的，从而跨国普遍化的过程可能占大城市以外的移民。历史比较分析显示，美国和日本两国之间存在重大的国家差异，包括在移徙的法律的和体制方面的差异，因此，两国工业依赖移徙者的过程几乎没有共同之处。然而，在大规模生产的发展中有一个相似之处。这种生产需要不间断地提供全职和低工资劳动力，太平洋两岸的移民被雇用以确保这种供应。因此，虽然以城市为中心的移民研究往往强调低工资服务业或小批量制造业的增长是移民的经济驱动力，但本研究认为，在大城市以外，不同的产业转型模式与劳动力迁移有关。
Recent studies suggest that the hiring of migrants in the food processing industry has increased the migrant population outside large cities among affluent migrant-receiving countries. This study examines how the U.S. meatpacking industry and the Japanese seafood processing industry, in particular, have developed a dependence on migrants; it does so to identify whether and how a common—thus cross-nationally generalizable—process may account for migration outside large cities. A comparative historical analysis revealed that, with significant national differences between the United States and Japan, including in the legal and institutional contexts of migration, there is little commonality in the processes through which the industries have come to depend on migrants. Yet, there is a similarity in the development of mass production. Such production necessitates an undisrupted availability of full-time as well as low-wage workforce, and migrants on both sides of the Pacific are employed to ensure this availability. Thus, while urban-centered migration studies often emphasize the growth of low-wage services or small-batch manufacturing as an economic driver of migration, this study argues that, outside large cities, a different pattern of industrial transformation is associated with labor migration.
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