Effects of naltrexone on alcohol drinking patterns and extinction of alcohol seeking in baboons.
Effects of naltrexone on alcohol drinking patterns and extinction of alcohol seeking in baboons.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s00213-012-2688-y
复制
发表时间：
2012-09
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Weerts, Elise M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kaminski, Barbara J.;Duke, Angela N.;Weerts, Elise M.
了解纳洛酮对饮酒动机和饮酒模式的影响对于更好的治疗结果和与新型药物的比较非常重要。纳洛酮的数量和模式的寻求，自我管理，和灭绝反应的影响进行了评估，在两组狒狒训练下的3个组成部分的链式强化时间表（CSR）。酒精（4% w/v; n=4;酒精组）或首选的非酒精饮料（n=4;对照组）仅在CSR的组分3中可用于自我给药。在组件2中的响应提供了饮酒（寻求）的动机指数。纳洛酮（0.32 - 3.2 mg/kg）和生理盐水在饮水和组分2消退阶段前给药。急性剂量的纳洛酮仅在酒精组中显著降低总自我给药反应（p<0.01）、摄入量（p<0.001）和酒精g/kg（p<0.01）。纳洛酮治疗后两组患者的饮酒模式无明显改变，但首次饮酒次数均明显减少（P<0.05）。在会话内消退测试中，急性纳洛酮显著减少了达到消退的时间（p<0.01）和寻求反应的数量（p<0.05），特别是在酒精组的消退期早期。当长期给药时，纳洛酮并没有降低获得酒精的进展比率临界点，但通过降低初始饮酒回合的幅度，剂量依赖性地减少了酒精自我给药（p<0.05）。结果支持临床观察，纳洛酮可能是最有效的减少自我管理的情况下，持续的酒精供应，并可能减少动机饮酒的酒精相关线索的存在。
Understanding naltrexone’s effect on motivation to drink and pattern of drinking is important for better treatment outcomes and for comparison with novel medications. Naltrexone’s effects on number and pattern of seeking, self-administration, and extinction responses were evaluated in two groups of baboons trained under a 3 component chained schedule of reinforcement (CSR). Alcohol (4% w/v; n=4; Alcohol Group) or a preferred non-alcoholic beverage (n=4; Control Group) was available for self-administration only in Component 3 of the CSR. Responses in Component 2 provided indices of motivation to drink (seeking). Naltrexone (0.32 – 3.2 mg/kg) and saline were administered before drinking and Component 2 extinction sessions. Acute doses of naltrexone significantly decreased total self-administration responses (p<0.01), intake volume (p<0.001) and g/kg of alcohol (p<0.01) in the Alcohol Group only. Pattern of drinking did not change, but number of drinks during the initial drinking bout was decreased significantly by naltrexone for both groups (P<0.05). During within-session extinction tests, acute naltrexone significantly decreased time to reach extinction (p<0.01) and number of seeking responses (p<0.05), particularly early in the extinction period in the Alcohol Group only. When administered chronically, naltrexone did not decrease progressive-ratio breaking points to gain access to alcohol, but dose-dependently reduced alcohol self-administration (p<0.05) by decreasing the magnitude of the initial drinking bout. The results support clinical observations that naltrexone may be most effective at reducing self-administration in the context of ongoing alcohol availability and may reduce motivation to drink in the presence of alcohol-related cues.
登录
查看更多内容
DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.2008.00662.x
发表时间：
2008-06-01
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Kaminski, Barbara J.;Goodwin, Amy K.;Weerts, Elise M.
通讯作者：
Weerts, Elise M.
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
BULLOCK, DH
通讯作者：
BULLOCK, DH
影响因子：
5
作者：
Bienkowski, P;Kostowski, W;Koros, E
通讯作者：
Koros, E
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Collins, BN;Brandon, TH
通讯作者：
Brandon, TH
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Anton, RF;Swift, RM
通讯作者：
Swift, RM