Cardiovascular reactivity, stress, and physical activity.
Cardiovascular reactivity, stress, and physical activity.
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DOI：
10.3389/fphys.2013.00314
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发表时间：
2013-11-07
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Acevedo EO
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang CJ;Webb HE;Zourdos MC;Acevedo EO
心理应激已被认为是心血管疾病（CVD）发展的主要因素。急性精神应激可激活交感神经-肾上腺-髓质轴，引起儿茶酚胺（NE和EPI）的释放，导致心率（HR）和血压（BP）升高。综合压力（心理和生理）可加剧这些心血管反应，这可能在一定程度上导致心血管疾病风险升高，并增加某些职业（如消防和执法）的相应死亡风险。研究支持体育活动对生理和心理健康的益处，包括心血管对急性压力的反应。有氧训练的个体表现出较低的交感神经系统（例如，HR）反应性和增强的心血管效率（例如，较低的血管反应性和较短的恢复时间），以应对身体和/或心理压力。此外，阻力训练已被证明可以减轻心血管反应并改善心理健康。这篇综述将探讨压力诱导的心血管反应，以及运动训练和身体健康（有氧和阻力运动）如何减轻心血管对压力的反应的合理解释。这种增强的功能可能有助于减少中风和心肌梗死的发生率。最后，本综述还将讨论肥胖和体育活动对心血管反应性和CVD的相互作用。
Psychological stress has been proposed as a major contributor to the progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Acute mental stress can activate the sympathetic-adrenal-medullary (SAM) axis, eliciting the release of catecholamines (NE and EPI) resulting in the elevation of heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP). Combined stress (psychological and physical) can exacerbate these cardiovascular responses, which may partially contribute to the elevated risk of CVD and increased proportionate mortality risks experienced by some occupations (e.g., firefighting and law enforcement). Studies have supported the benefits of physical activity on physiological and psychological health, including the cardiovascular response to acute stress. Aerobically trained individuals exhibit lower sympathetic nervous system (e.g., HR) reactivity and enhanced cardiovascular efficiency (e.g., lower vascular reactivity and decreased recovery time) in response to physical and/or psychological stress. In addition, resistance training has been demonstrated to attenuate cardiovascular responses and improve mental health. This review will examine stress-induced cardiovascular reactivity and plausible explanations for how exercise training and physical fitness (aerobic and resistance exercise) can attenuate cardiovascular responses to stress. This enhanced functionality may facilitate a reduction in the incidence of stroke and myocardial infarction. Finally, this review will also address the interaction of obesity and physical activity on cardiovascular reactivity and CVD.
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影响因子：
120.7
作者：
Blumenthal, JA;Sherwood, A;Hinderliter, A
通讯作者：
Hinderliter, A
影响因子：
--
作者：
Cannon, WB
通讯作者：
Cannon, WB
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Carroll, Douglas;Phillips, Anna C.;Der, Geoff
通讯作者：
Der, Geoff
DOI：
10.1097/00005768-200110000-00018
发表时间：
2001-10-01
期刊：
MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE
影响因子：
--
作者：
Chen, TC;Hsieh, SS
通讯作者：
Hsieh, SS
DOI：
10.1152/ajpheart.00448.2003
发表时间：
2003-12-01
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Bagi, Z;Cseko, C;Koller, A
通讯作者：
Koller, A