Rural-urban differences in educational attainment among registered nurses: Implications for achieving an 80% BSN workforce.
Rural-urban differences in educational attainment among registered nurses: Implications for achieving an 80% BSN workforce.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.profnurs.2020.04.008
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发表时间：
2021-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Abshire DA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Odahowski CL;Crouch EL;Zahnd WE;Probst JC;McKinney SH;Abshire DA
多个专业组织和机构推荐护理学学士学位（BSN）作为注册护士执业的最低标准。实现这一标准在农村地区可能特别具有挑战性，因为与城市地区相比，农村地区往往在经济上更加弱势，获得高等教育的机会更少。我们的主要目标是提供关于城乡教育程度差异的最新信息。我们还研究了不同实践环境中注册护士在就业类型、工资和人口统计学方面的城乡差异。数据来源于2011-2015年美国社区调查（ACS）公共使用微数据样本（ACMS）。样本包括来自所有50个州的18-64岁（n = 34，104）的注册护士（RN）。卡方检验，t检验和多变量逻辑回归被用来检查农村和BSN准备和整个实践设置的工资之间的关系。城市护士比农村护士更有可能获得BSN学位（分别为57.9%和46.1%; p < 0.0001），BSN准备因州而异。在校正分析中，除了与BSN准备相关的居住地因素外，还包括年龄、种族和国家地区。护士在不同的实践环境中经历了工资差异，城市护士在不同的实践环境中通常获得更高的工资（p < 0.0001）。在农村地区，需要采取战略来促进护理人员的教育，这可能有助于提高护理质量和健康结果。
Multiple professional organizations and institutes recommend the Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) degree as a minimum standard for registered nurse practice. Achieving this standard may be particularly challenging in rural areas, which tend to be more economically disadvantaged and have fewer opportunities for higher educational attainment compared to urban areas. Our primary objective was to provide updated information on rural-urban differences in educational attainment. We also examined rural-urban differences in employment type, salary, and demographics among registered nurses in different practice settings. Data were obtained from the 2011–2015 American Community Survey (ACS) Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS). The sample included registered nurses (RN) between the ages of 18–64 years (n = 34,104) from all 50 states. Chi-square tests, t-tests, and multivariable logistic regression were used to examine the relationship between rurality and BSN preparedness and salary across practice settings. Urban nurses were more likely to have a BSN degree than rural nurses (57.9% versus 46.1%, respectively; p < 0.0001), and BSN preparedness varied by state. In adjusted analysis, factors in addition to residence associated with BSN preparation included age, race, and region of the country. Differences in wages were experienced by nurses across practice settings with urban nurses generally earning significantly higher salaries across practice settings (p < 0.0001). Strategies to advance nursing workforce education are needed in rural areas and may contribute to improved care quality and health outcomes.
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