Loss of tau elicits axonal degeneration in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.

Loss of tau elicits axonal degeneration in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.04.037
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发表时间:
2010-08-11
期刊:
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Laskowitz, D. T.
Laskowitz, D. T.
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Dawson, H. N.;Cantillana, V.;Jansen, M.;Wang, H.;Vitek, M. P.;Wilcock, D. M.;Lynch, J. R.;Laskowitz, D. T.

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Tau病发病机制中的一个中心问题是tau蛋白功能障碍如何导致神经变性。我们以前已经证明,tau蛋白的缺失与微管的不稳定和轴突生长受损有关。我们现在假设,功能tau蛋白的缺失可能会使中枢神经系统更容易受到二次损伤,如突变的β淀粉样前体蛋白(APP)的过度表达和创伤性脑损伤。因此,我们将tau基因敲除小鼠与过度表达突变的人类APP(APP670,671,asw)的小鼠杂交,并创建了一个小鼠模型(asw/mTau−/−),提供了tau基因缺失导致神经元突起退化的证据。在tau基因敲除的小鼠中,APP670、671的过表达导致了轴突球体的广泛形成。虽然只有在内源性小鼠tau背景下表达APP670,671的小鼠中发现球体与Aβ斑块相关,但asw/mTau−/−小鼠不仅在Aβ斑块周围发现球体,而且在白质束和神经束中也有球体。斑块相关和神经纤维性营养不良的轴突和球体是阿尔茨海默病的显著特征。因此,我们目前的数据表明,tau的丢失可能会导致神经退化。
A central issue in the pathogenesis of tauopathy is the question of how tau protein dysfunction leads to neurodegeneration. We have previously demonstrated that the absence of tau protein is associated with destabilization of microtubules and impaired neurite outgrowth. We now hypothesize that the absence of functional tau protein may render the central nervous system more vulnerable to secondary insults such as the overexpression of mutated beta amyloid precursor protein (APP) and traumatic brain injury. We therefore crossed tau knockout mice to mice overexpressing a mutated human APP (APP670,671, Asw) and created a mouse model (Asw/mTau−/−) that provides evidence that the loss of tau causes degeneration of neuronal processes. The overexpression of APP670,671 in tau knockout mice, elicits the extensive formation of axonal spheroids. While spheroids are only found associated with Aβ plaques in mice expressing APP670,671 on an endogenous mouse tau background, Asw/mTau−/− mice have spheroids not only surrounding Aβ plaques but also in white matter tracts and in the neuropil. Plaque associated and neuropil dystrophic neurites and spheroids are prominent features of Alzheimer’s disease. Thus our current data suggests that loss of tau may lead to neurodegeneration.
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