Differences in the activities of eight enzymes from ten soil fungi and their possible influences on the surface structure, functional groups, and element composition of soil colloids.
Differences in the activities of eight enzymes from ten soil fungi and their possible influences on the surface structure, functional groups, and element composition of soil colloids.
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10种土壤真菌中8种酶活性的差异及其对土壤胶体表面结构、官能团和元素组成的可能影响
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0111740
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Zu Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang W;Li Y;Wang H;Zu Y
利用真菌酶的差异及其与土壤胶体的相互作用，还不能很好地了解土壤真菌在土壤碳和养分循环中的作用。比较了10种真菌分泌的8种胞外酶：几丁质酶、羧甲基纤维素酶、β-葡萄糖苷酶、蛋白酶、酸性磷酸酶、多酚氧化酶、漆酶和愈创木酚氧化酶，然后将酶活性较低和较高的真菌与土壤胶体共培养，研究真菌与土壤的相互作用。一些真菌(Gomphadius rutilus、Russula Integra、Pholiota adiposa和Gestar mam-mosum)分泌3-4种酶，但活性较弱，而另一些真菌(Cyasus striatus、Suillus ranulate、Pallus impudicus、Collybia dryophila、Agaricus sylvicola和Lactaus deliciosus)则能分泌5种以上活性较高的酶。这些真菌的差异导致了土壤胶体中官能团的变化(O-H、N-H、C- = O、CoO-的拉伸带减少了11-60%，而P- = O、C-O拉伸、O-H弯曲和Si-O-Si拉伸增加了9-22%)、表面外观(粘性有机物质的消失)和元素组成(C1s减少了11-49%)。此外，与低酶真菌(G.rutilus)相比，高酶真菌(C.striatus)的变化普遍更为明显。我们的发现表明，真菌间EEA类型和活性的差异可能是土壤胶体(土壤基质中最活跃的成分)发生物理和化学变化的原因，这突显了土壤真菌在土壤养分循环和功能维持中的重要作用。
How soil fungi function in soil carbon and nutrient cycling is not well understood by using fungal enzymatic differences and their interactions with soil colloids. Eight extracellular enzymes, EEAs (chitinase, carboxymethyl cellulase, β-glucosidase, protease, acid phosphatase, polyphenol oxidase, laccase, and guaiacol oxidase) secreted by ten fungi were compared, and then the fungi that showed low and high enzymatic activity were co-cultured with soil colloids for the purpose of finding fungi-soil interactions. Some fungi (Gomphidius rutilus, Russula integra, Pholiota adiposa, and Geastrum mammosum) secreted 3–4 enzymes with weak activities, while others (Cyathus striatus, Suillus granulate, Phallus impudicus, Collybia dryophila, Agaricus sylvicola, and Lactarius deliciosus) could secret over 5 enzymes with high activities. The differences in these fungi contributed to the alterations of functional groups (stretching bands of O-H, N-H, C-H, C = O, COO- decreased by 11–60%, while P = O, C-O stretching, O-H bending and Si-O-Si stretching increased 9–22%), surface appearance (disappearance of adhesive organic materials), and elemental compositions (11–49% decreases in C1s) in soil colloids. Moreover, more evident changes were generally in high enzymatic fungi (C. striatus) compared with low enzymatic fungi (G. rutilus). Our findings indicate that inter-fungi differences in EEA types and activities might be responsible for physical and chemical changes in soil colloids (the most active component of soil matrix), highlighting the important roles of soil fungi in soil nutrient cycling and functional maintenance.
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影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Baldrian, Petr;Voriskova, Jana;Valaskova, Vendula
通讯作者：
Valaskova, Vendula
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Bridge, P;Spooner, B
通讯作者：
Spooner, B
影响因子：
9.7
作者：
GIANFREDA, L;RAO, MA;VIOLANTE, A
通讯作者：
VIOLANTE, A
影响因子：
9.4
作者：
Buee, M.;Reich, M.;Martin, F.
通讯作者：
Martin, F.
影响因子：
2.3
作者：
Carter, David O.;Yellowlees, David;Tibbett, Mark
通讯作者：
Tibbett, Mark