Comparative investigation of the spatial distribution of past weathering impacts on sandstone masonry
Comparative investigation of the spatial distribution of past weathering impacts on sandstone masonry
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砂岩砌体过去风化影响空间分布的比较研究
DOI：
10.1016/j.geomorph.2018.09.022
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Johnston B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johnston B
对自然露头和历史建筑石材立面的恶化进行检查，发现破坏模式并不统一，这表明材料和环境特性的影响。砂岩风化响应具有空间变异性。由于这个原因，地质统计学技术已被应用于砂岩性质的研究，矿物学和结构，影响衰变的敏感性。在这项研究中，从“采石场新鲜”的石头和风化样品获得的渗透率数据进行了比较分析。导致砂岩形成的沉积过程也产生了空间变化的结构，如层状或较大的层面内的材料。使用地质统计学技术，在“采石场新鲜”砂岩块内观察到的渗透率变化表明，从采石场工作面切割时，对较大地质结构进行了二次采样。一旦在建筑物内安置了砌块，它们将受到城市环境的更大压力。这些条件通过诸如盐作为盐和化学风化等过程导致风化加剧。风化可改变材料性质，如渗透性，并通过打开孔隙和改变孔隙连通性产生次生渗透性。通过应用地质统计学分析从风化块体观察到的渗透率数据，变差分析揭示了较小尺度结构的存在。这表明砂岩渗透性的改变导致了岩石内部新的风化结构的产生，取代了最初的沉积结构。这些与风化相关的结构将影响风化块体内部渗透性的大小和空间分布。由过去的风化作用产生的渗透性的相互连接的路径促进了溶液中的水分和盐通过基底的迁移。这项工作表明，通过地质统计学方法与应用协同克里金，这些潜在的水分路径可以识别和可视化。
Inspection of the deterioration of both natural outcrops and historical built stone facades reveals that patterns of disruption are not uniform, indicating the influence of material and environmental properties. Sandstones have a spatial variability in weathering response. For this reason, geostatistical techniques have been applied to studies of sandstone properties, mineralogical and structural, that influence susceptibility to decay. For this study, a comparative analysis of permeability data acquired from a ‘quarry fresh’ stone and a weathered sample is undertaken.The depositional processes that resulted in the formation of sandstone also create structures of spatial variation such as laminations or larger bedding planes within the material. Using geostatistical techniques, the permeability variance observed within ‘quarry fresh’ blocks of sandstone indicates the subsampling of larger geological structures when cut from the quarry face. Once blocks have been emplaced within a building they will be subjected to the increased stress of the urban environment. These conditions result in exacerbated weathering through processes such as salt and chemical weathering. Weathering can alter material properties such as permeability with the creation of a secondary permeability produced by the opening pores and alteration of pore connectivity. Through the application of geostatistics in the analysis of permeability data observed from the weathered block, variography reveals the presence of smaller scale structures. This suggests that alteration of the sandstone's permeability has led to the creation of new weathering structures within the stone, overwriting the initial sedimentary structures.These weathering-related structures will affect both the magnitude and spatial distribution of permeability within the weathered block. The interconnected pathways of permeability, created by past weathering, facilitate the migration of moisture and salts in solution through the substrate. This work has demonstrated that through a geostatistical approach with the application of co-kriging, these potential moisture pathways can be identified and visualised.
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