Identifying distinct profiles of impulsivity for the four facets of psychopathy.
Identifying distinct profiles of impulsivity for the four facets of psychopathy.
复制标题
为精神病的四个方面确定冲动性的独特特征。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0283866
复制
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
精神病包括对抗性人格特质和与个人和社会的关键结果相关的反社会行为（例如，暴力行为）。从一开始，冲动性就被认为是精神病的核心特征。研究支持这一论断，但精神病和冲动都是多方面的结构。因此，通常观察到的精神病和冲动之间的关联可能会掩盖更微妙的冲动，只能在层面上观察到的轮廓。为了解决文献中的这一空白，我们收集了来自社区样本的数据，使用临床精神病访谈沿着冲动性的气质和神经行为测量。我们将精神病的四个方面中的每一个回归到八个冲动变量。我们遵循这些分析与自助优势分析，以确定哪些冲动变量共享最多的方差与每个精神病方面。我们的分析表明，积极的紧迫感是冲动性的最重要方面，对精神病的所有四个方面都是如此。我们进一步确定了与每个精神病方面相关的冲动性的不同特征人际方面以感觉寻求和时间冲动为代表。情感和生活方式方面都代表了一般特质冲动和情感冲动。反社会方面以情感冲动和感觉寻求为代表。这种不同的冲动特征表明，与每个方面相关的特定行为（例如，操纵性和人际方面）可以部分地解释为与它们相一致的不同形式的冲动。
Psychopathy comprises antagonistic personality traits and antisocial behaviors that are associated with critical outcomes for the individual and society (e.g., violent behavior). Since its inception, impulsivity has been theorized as a core feature of psychopathy. Research supports this assertion, yet psychopathy and impulsivity are both multifaceted constructs. As such, the associations commonly observed between psychopathy and impulsivity may obscure more nuanced profiles of impulsivity that are only observable at the facet-level. To address this gap in the literature, we collected data from a community sample using a clinical psychopathy interview along with dispositional and neurobehavioral measures of impulsivity. We regressed each of the four facets of psychopathy onto eight impulsivity variables. We followed these analyses with bootstrapped dominance analyses in order to determine which of the impulsivity variables shared the most variance with each psychopathy facet. Our analyses revealed that positive urgency was the most important aspect of impulsivity to all four facets of psychopathy. We further identified distinct profiles of impulsivity linked to each psychopathy facet–the interpersonal facet was typified by sensation seeking and temporal impulsivity. The affective and lifestyle facets were both typified by general trait impulsivity and affective impulsivity. The antisocial facet was typified by affective impulsivity and sensation seeking. Such distinct profiles of impulsivity suggest that specific behaviors linked with each facet (e.g., manipulativeness and the interpersonal facet) may be explained in part by the distinct forms of impulsivity aligned with them.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Vassileva, Jasmin;Georgiev, Stefan;Martin, Eileen;Gonzalez, Raul;Segala, Laura
通讯作者：
Segala, Laura
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Ballard K;Knutson B
通讯作者：
Knutson B
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Allom, Vanessa;Panetta, Giulia;Hagger, Martin S.
通讯作者：
Hagger, Martin S.
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Blair, RJR;Colledge, E;Mitchell, DGV
通讯作者：
Mitchell, DGV
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Chester, David S.;Bell, Sarah Beth;Craig, Adam W.
通讯作者：
Craig, Adam W.