Action understanding and active inference.

Action understanding and active inference.
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DOI:
10.1007/s00422-011-0424-z
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发表时间:
2011-02
影响因子:
1.9
通讯作者:
Kilner, James
Kilner, James
中科院分区:
工程技术3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Friston, Karl J.;Mattout, Jeremie;Kilner, James

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我们认为镜像神经元系统可以有效地理解为对自己或他人发出的动作执行贝叶斯最优感知。为了证实这一说法,我们提出了神经元模拟,显示相同的表征可以在动作观察期间规定运动行为和编码运动意图。这些模拟是基于主动推理的自由能公式,这在形式上与预测编码有关。在这个方案中,世界的(广义)状态被表示为轨迹。当这些状态包含运动轨迹时,它们隐含地包含意图(未来运动状态)。优化这些意图的表示可以实现前瞻性的预测编码。至关重要的是,用于预测的生成模型可以通过简单地改变本体感觉信号的偏差或精度(即注意力)来预测自己或他人的行为。我们使用手写模拟来说明这些观点,以说明在神经上合理的生成和识别流动(漫游)运动轨迹。然后,我们使用相同的模拟来产生对违反故意期望的合成电生理反应。我们的研究结果证实,贝叶斯最优方法提供了一个原则性的框架,它适应了当前对镜像神经元系统的思考。此外,它赞同作为主动推理的行动的一般表述。
We have suggested that the mirror-neuron system might be usefully understood as implementing Bayes-optimal perception of actions emitted by oneself or others. To substantiate this claim, we present neuronal simulations that show the same representations can prescribe motor behavior and encode motor intentions during action–observation. These simulations are based on the free-energy formulation of active inference, which is formally related to predictive coding. In this scheme, (generalised) states of the world are represented as trajectories. When these states include motor trajectories they implicitly entail intentions (future motor states). Optimizing the representation of these intentions enables predictive coding in a prospective sense. Crucially, the same generative models used to make predictions can be deployed to predict the actions of self or others by simply changing the bias or precision (i.e. attention) afforded to proprioceptive signals. We illustrate these points using simulations of handwriting to illustrate neuronally plausible generation and recognition of itinerant (wandering) motor trajectories. We then use the same simulations to produce synthetic electrophysiological responses to violations of intentional expectations. Our results affirm that a Bayes-optimal approach provides a principled framework, which accommodates current thinking about the mirror-neuron system. Furthermore, it endorses the general formulation of action as active inference.
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