Notch-dependent DNA cis-regulatory elements and their dose-dependent control of C. elegans stem cell self-renewal.

Notch-dependent DNA cis-regulatory elements and their dose-dependent control of C. elegans stem cell self-renewal.
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DOI:
10.1242/dev.200332
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发表时间:
2022-04-01
期刊:
Development (Cambridge, England)
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一个长期存在的生物学问题是,在后生动物的发育过程中,DNA顺式调控元件如何塑造转录模式。记者构建、细胞培养分析和计算建模为回答这个问题做出了重大贡献,但对自然环境中的元素进行分析是一个重要的补充。在这里,我们突变了内源秀丽线虫sygl-1基因中的Notch依赖的Lag-1结合位点(LBSS),该基因编码了一个关键的干细胞调节因子,并分析了这对sygl-1表达(新生转录本、mRNA、蛋白质)和干细胞维持的影响。在一个由三个元素组成的簇中,一个LBS的突变使表达和干细胞池大小几乎减半,而两个LBS的突变基本上消除了它们。杂合的LBS突变簇提供了中间值。我们的结果得出了两个主要结论。首先,LBS数量和配置都影响集群活动:LBS在反式中起相加作用,在顺式中起协同作用。第二,SYGL-1梯度促进功能阈值以上的自我更新,并在阈值以下触发分化。我们的方法将CRISPR/Cas9 LBS突变与对分子和生物读数的影响结合在一起,为体内DNA顺式调控元件的分析建立了一个强大的模型。摘要:依赖缺口的DNA顺式调控元件在线虫的发育环境中共同作用,形成转录梯度,控制干细胞池的大小,并控制分化的开始。
A long-standing biological question is how DNA cis-regulatory elements shape transcriptional patterns during metazoan development. Reporter constructs, cell culture assays and computational modeling have made major contributions to answering this question, but analysis of elements in their natural context is an important complement. Here, we mutate Notch-dependent LAG-1 binding sites (LBSs) in the endogenous Caenorhabditis elegans sygl-1 gene, which encodes a key stem cell regulator, and analyze the consequences on sygl-1 expression (nascent transcripts, mRNA, protein) and stem cell maintenance. Mutation of one LBS in a three-element cluster approximately halved both expression and stem cell pool size, whereas mutation of two LBSs essentially abolished them. Heterozygous LBS mutant clusters provided intermediate values. Our results lead to two major conclusions. First, both LBS number and configuration impact cluster activity: LBSs act additively in trans and synergistically in cis. Second, the SYGL-1 gradient promotes self-renewal above its functional threshold and triggers differentiation below the threshold. Our approach of coupling CRISPR/Cas9 LBS mutations with effects on both molecular and biological readouts establishes a powerful model for in vivo analyses of DNA cis-regulatory elements. Summary: Notch-dependent DNA cis-regulatory elements work together in their developmental context in C. elegans to shape a transcriptional gradient, control stem cell pool size, and govern differentiation onset.
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