Obesity and gut-microbiota-brain axis: A narrative review.
Obesity and gut-microbiota-brain axis: A narrative review.
复制标题
肥胖与肠道-微生物区系-脑轴：叙述性回顾。
DOI：
10.1002/jcla.24420
复制
发表时间：
2022-05
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Khoshnood S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Asadi A;Shadab Mehr N;Mohamadi MH;Shokri F;Heidary M;Sadeghifard N;Khoshnood S
肥胖是一个主要的健康问题，与许多生理和精神疾病有关，例如糖尿病、中风和抑郁症。肠道微生物群已被证实与包括大脑在内的各种器官相互作用。肠道微生物群及其代谢物可能通过迷走神经刺激直接靶向大脑，或通过免疫神经内分泌机制间接靶向大脑，它们可以调节新陈代谢、肥胖、体内平衡和能量平衡，以及中枢食欲和食物奖励信号，这些在肥胖中发挥着至关重要的作用。研究支持肥胖病理生理学中肠脑轴 (GBA) 内双向信号传导的概念，由代谢、内分泌、神经和免疫系统机制介导。搜索了 Scopus、PubMed、Google Scholar 和 Web of Science 数据库以查找相关研究。肠脑轴（GBA）是肠道微生物群和大脑之间的双向连接，通过三种不同的途径影响生理功能和行为。神经通路主要由肠神经系统（ENS）和迷走神经组成。然而，内分泌途径影响大脑的神经内分泌系统，特别是下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺（HPA）轴和免疫途径。肠道微生物组的一些改变可以通过 GBA 调节宿主的代谢途径和饮食行为，从而导致肥胖。因此，针对肠道微生物群的新疗法，即粪便微生物群移植和补充益生菌和益生元，可能是肥胖症的潜在治疗方法。这项研究证实了肠道微生物组对生理功能和体重的影响。结果表明，肠道微生物群正在成为新的抗肥胖疗法的目标。肠道菌群是一个复杂的生物体系统，主要是不同的细菌种类，肠道菌群与宿主相互作用，影响宿主系统和器官（例如大脑）并调节宿主的生理功能。肠道微生物群和大脑之间的相互作用（众所周知的肠脑轴）是通过神经、免疫和内分泌途径的双向连接。
Obesity is a major health problem that is associated with many physiological and mental disorders, such as diabetes, stroke, and depression. Gut microbiota has been affirmed to interact with various organs, including the brain. Intestinal microbiota and their metabolites might target the brain directly via vagal stimulation or indirectly through immune‐neuroendocrine mechanisms, and they can regulate metabolism, adiposity, homoeostasis and energy balance, and central appetite and food reward signaling, which together have crucial roles in obesity. Studies support the concept of bidirectional signaling within the gut–brain axis (GBA) in the pathophysiology of obesity, mediated by metabolic, endocrine, neural, and immune system mechanisms. Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases were searched to find relevant studies. The gut–brain axis (GBA), a bidirectional connection between the gut microbiota and brain, influences physiological function and behavior through three different pathways. Neural pathway mainly consists of the enteric nervous system (ENS) and vagus nerve. Endocrine pathway, however, affects the neuroendocrine system of the brain, particularly the hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and immunological pathway. Several alterations in the gut microbiome can lead to obesity, by modulating metabolic pathways and eating behaviors of the host through GBA. Therefore, novel therapies targeting the gut microbiome, i.e., fecal microbiota transplantation and supplementation with probiotics and prebiotics, can be a potential treatment for obesity. This study corroborates the effect of gut microbiome on physiological function and body weight. The results show that the gut microbiota is becoming a target for new antiobesity therapies. Gut microbiota is a complex system of organisms, mainly different bacterial species, the gut microbiota interacts with the host, affects host systems and organs (e.g. the brain) and modulates the host physiological functions. The interaction between the gut microbiota and the brain, famously known as gut‐brain axis is a bidirectional connection via neural, immune, and endocrine pathways.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Chassaing B;Koren O;Goodrich JK;Poole AC;Srinivasan S;Ley RE;Gewirtz AT
通讯作者：
Gewirtz AT
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Agustí A;García-Pardo MP;López-Almela I;Campillo I;Maes M;Romaní-Pérez M;Sanz Y
通讯作者：
Sanz Y
影响因子：
64.5
作者：
Bellono NW;Bayrer JR;Leitch DB;Castro J;Zhang C;O'Donnell TA;Brierley SM;Ingraham HA;Julius D
通讯作者：
Julius D
影响因子：
4
作者：
Barrett, E.;Ross, R. P.;Stanton, C.
通讯作者：
Stanton, C.
DOI：
10.1152/ajpgi.00478.2002
发表时间：
2003-03-01
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Chang, HY;Mashimo, H;Goyal, RK
通讯作者：
Goyal, RK