Risk Mitigation, Regime Security, and Militias: Beyond Coup-proofing

Risk Mitigation, Regime Security, and Militias: Beyond Coup-proofing
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风险缓解、政权安全和民兵:超越防政变

DOI:
10.1111/isqu.12210
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发表时间:
2015
影响因子:
2.6
通讯作者:
Carey S
Carey S
中科院分区:
法学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Carey S

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在泰国、印度、利比亚和其他地方,政府武装民众或召集非正规武装团体的志愿者,尽管这会带来风险。在国家失败的背景之外,这些民兵的广泛存在挑战了政府统一巩固暴力工具的期望。借鉴授权的逻辑,我们解决这个难题,认为政府有多种动机形成武装团体,与国家有公认的联系,但在常规安全部队之外。这些团体作为不可靠的正规部队的替代品,抵消了政变的风险。与其他公私合作类似,它们还补充了正规部队的工作,提高了效率,增加了信息。最后,这些团体使政府远离有争议的使用武力。这些特点表明,民兵不仅是失败国家的标志或国家军队的前身,而且在许多情况下是安全组合的重要组成部分。使用跨国数据(1981-2005年),我们发现支持这种混合激励。从授权的角度来看,用于分析组织设计,全球问责制和政策选择,国内和国际激励政府选择民兵提出了明确的治理和问责问题的国际社会。
In Thailand, India, Libya, and elsewhere, governments arm the populace or call up volunteers in irregular armed groups despite the risks this entails. The widespread presence of these militias, outside the context of state failure, challenges the expectation that governments uniformly consolidate the tools of violence. Drawing on the logic of delegation, we resolve this puzzle by arguing that governments have multiple incentives to form armed groups with a recognized link to the state but outside of the regular security forces. Such groups offset coup risks as substitutes for unreliable regular forces. Similar to other public-private collaborations, they also complement the work of regular forces in providing efficiency and information gains. Finally, these groups distance the government from the controversial use of force. These traits suggest that militias are not simply a sign of failed states or a precursor to a national military, but an important component of security portfolios in many contexts. Using cross-national data (1981–2005), we find support for this mix of incentives. From the perspective of delegation, used to analyze organizational design, global accountability, and policy choices, the domestic and international incentives for governments to choose militias raise explicit governance and accountability issues for the international community.
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