Impulsive Action and Impulsive Choice Are Differentially Expressed in Rats Depending on the Age at Exposure to a Gambling Task.
Impulsive Action and Impulsive Choice Are Differentially Expressed in Rats Depending on the Age at Exposure to a Gambling Task.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00503
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Kim JH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cho BR;Kwak MJ;Kim WY;Kim JH
冲动被认为是与许多精神疾病（包括成瘾）的发展相关的重要特征。在行为方法中，冲动可以大致分为两种不同的子类型：冲动行动和选择。在本研究中，我们使用啮齿类动物版本的赌博任务（rGT）来研究冲动行为和冲动选择如何受到暴露于 rGT 的年龄差异（即青少年晚期/年轻人与成熟成年人）的不同影响。老鼠在触摸屏室中接受训练，学习屏幕窗口上的 4 个光信号与不同幅度和概率相关的奖励结果或惩罚之间的关系。根据允许自由选择时其稳定的偏好模式，将大鼠分为风险规避组或风险寻求组。在经历一系列实验方案（包括灭绝、重新获得和急性可卡因注射）时，重新测试大鼠在试验间隔期间的过早反应以及对 rGT 中 4 个不同窗口的选择偏好。值得注意的是，与晚期暴露于 rGT 的大鼠相比，早期暴露于 rGT 的大鼠在所有亚组中都表现出冲动行为增加，特别是在重新获得期间。相比之下，与早期暴露的大鼠相比，晚期暴露于 rGT 的大鼠在急性可卡因注射后表现出更多的冲动选择，但这些结果仅在预先分类为高冲动和风险规避的亚组中获得。这些结果表明，冲动的不同方面在决策过程中可能有不同的表达，并且受到参与赌博任务的年龄的不同影响。
Impulsivity is considered an important feature associated with the development of numerous psychiatric disorders, including addictions. In the behavioral approach, impulsivity can be broadly divided into two distinct subtypes: impulsive action and choice. In the present study, we used a rodent version of the gambling task (rGT) to examine how impulsive action and impulsive choice are differentially influenced by difference in age at exposure (i.e., late adolescents/young adults vs. mature adults) to rGT. Rats were trained in a touch-screen chamber to learn the relationships between 4 light signals on the window of the screen and accompanying reward outcomes or punishments associated with different magnitudes and probabilities. Depending on their stabilized pattern of preference when allowed free choice, rats were categorized into risk-averse or risk-seeking group. While undergoing a series of experimental schemes, including extinction, re-acquisition, and acute cocaine injection, rats were re-tested for their premature response during inter-trial interval and choice preference toward the 4 different windows in rGT. Notably, rats exposed early, compared with those exposed late, to rGT showed increased impulsive action, particularly during re-acquisition period, in all sub-groups. In contrast, rats exposed late, compared with those exposed early, to rGT showed increased impulsive choice after acute cocaine injection, but these results were only obtained in a sub-group pre-categorized as high impulsive and risk-averse. These results suggest that different aspects of impulsivity can be differentially expressed during decision-making, and differentially influenced by the age at exposure to a gambling task.
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DOI：
10.1017/s1461145711001635
发表时间：
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影响因子：
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