A rodent version of the Iowa Gambling Task: 7 years of progress.

A rodent version of the Iowa Gambling Task: 7 years of progress.
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DOI:
10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00203
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发表时间:
2014
影响因子:
3.8
通讯作者:
de Visser L
de Visser L
中科院分区:
心理学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
van den Bos R;Koot S;de Visser L

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在爱荷华州赌博任务(IGT)中,受试者需要找到一种在输赢可变、短期和长期回报相互冲突、结果不确定的情况下赚钱的方法。2006年,我们发布了第一个啮齿动物版本的IGT(r-IGT;行为研究方法38,470-478)。在这里,我们讨论不同的前额-纹状体网络参与r-IGT的任务进展的新想法,正如我们迄今的研究所揭示的那样。情绪系统,包括眼眶前额叶皮质、下缘皮质和伏隔核(外壳和核心区),可能参与评估和预测任务早期阶段不同选项的价值,即当动物探索和学习任务偶发事件时。包括前脑皮质和背内侧纹状体在内的认知控制系统可能参与了任务后期的工具性目标导向行为,即当对长期期权的行为被强化(加强),而对长期不良期权的行为被削弱(惩罚)时。此外,我们对未来的研究提出了两个方向:(1)被试的内部状态在决策中的作用;(2)研究任务相关成本的差异。总体而言,我们的研究有助于理解情绪系统和认知控制系统之间的相互作用,因为这对于驾驭人类和非人类动物通过一个充满变数的输赢、相互冲突的短期和长期回报以及结果的不确定性的世界至关重要。
In the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) subjects need to find a way to earn money in a context of variable wins and losses, conflicting short-term and long-term pay-off, and uncertainty of outcomes. In 2006, we published the first rodent version of the IGT (r-IGT; Behavior Research Methods 38, 470–478). Here, we discuss emerging ideas on the involvement of different prefrontal-striatal networks in task-progression in the r-IGT, as revealed by our studies thus far. The emotional system, encompassing, among others, the orbitofrontal cortex, infralimbic cortex and nucleus accumbens (shell and core area), may be involved in assessing and anticipating the value of different options in the early stages of the task, i.e., as animals explore and learn task contingencies. The cognitive control system, encompassing, among others, the prelimbic cortex and dorsomedial striatum, may be involved in instrumental goal-directed behavior in later stages of the task, i.e., as behavior toward long-term options is strengthened (reinforced) and behavior toward long-term poor options is weakened (punished). In addition, we suggest two directions for future research: (1) the role of the internal state of the subject in decision-making, and (2) studying differences in task-related costs. Overall, our studies have contributed to understanding the interaction between the emotional system and cognitive control system as crucial to navigating human and non-human animals alike through a world of variable wins and losses, conflicting short-term and long-term pay-offs, and uncertainty of outcomes.
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