Women sleep objectively better than men and the sleep of young women is more resilient to external stressors: effects of age and menopause.
Women sleep objectively better than men and the sleep of young women is more resilient to external stressors: effects of age and menopause.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2869.2008.00713.x
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发表时间：
2009-06
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Chrousos GP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bixler EO;Papaliaga MN;Vgontzas AN;Lin HM;Pejovic S;Karataraki M;Vela-Bueno A;Chrousos GP
本研究的目的是：（i）评估一般人群样本中客观睡眠模式的性别差异； (ii) 评估更年期和激素治疗（HT）对同一队列睡眠的影响； (iii) 检查对外部压力源的睡眠弹性的性别差异。参与者包括 (i) 1324 名没有睡眠问题的受试者，他们是从宾夕法尼亚州中部的普通人群中招募的，他们在睡眠实验室度过了一晚；(ii) 66 名年轻健康的志愿者，他们的睡眠在第四晚受到外部压力源的干扰，即 24 小时抽血（第 2 晚和第 3 晚与第 4 晚的平均值）。与一般人群样本中的男性相比，女性的睡眠时间百分比明显较高，第一阶段睡眠百分比较低，慢波睡眠百分比较高。此外，在没有 HT 的情况下，更年期与睡眠潜伏期延长和深度睡眠减少有关。最后，与男性相比，年轻健康的女性因抽血而经历的睡眠障碍较少，睡眠时间百分比和第一阶段睡眠百分比的变化明显较小，表明这一点。这些研究结果表明，没有睡眠问题的女性在各个年龄段的睡眠客观上都比男性更好，而且年轻女性的睡眠对外部压力源的抵抗力更强。此外，性腺激素对女性的睡眠也有有益的影响。睡眠调节中的这种性别二态性可能是为了保护女性免受婴儿和儿童护理的需求，并且在一定程度上可能有助于女性降低心血管风险并延长寿命。
The aims of this study were to: (i) assess gender differences of objective sleep patterns in a general population sample; (ii) evaluate the effects of menopause and hormone treatment (HT) on the sleep of the same cohort; and (iii) examine gender differences in sleep resilience towards external stressors. The participants were (i) 1324 subjects without sleep complaints, recruited from the general population of Central Pennsylvania that spent one night in the sleep laboratory and (ii) 66 young, healthy volunteers whose sleep was disturbed during night four by an external stressor, i.e. 24-h blood drawing (average of nights 2 and 3 versus night 4). Women compared with men in the general population sample had significantly higher percentage of sleep time, lower percentage of stage 1, and higher percentage of slow wave sleep. Also, menopause, in the absence of HT, was associated with prolonged sleep latency and decreased deep sleep. Finally, young, healthy women compared with men experienced less sleep disturbance because of blood draws as indicated by a significantly smaller change in per cent sleep time, and percentage of stage 1 sleep. These findings suggest that women without sleep complaints sleep objectively better across age than men and the sleep of young women is more resistant to external stressors. Also, gonadal hormones exert a beneficial effect on women’s sleep. This gender dimorphism in sleep regulation may have been to protect women from the demands of infant and child care, and in part, might contribute to women’s lower cardiovascular risks and greater longevity.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1471-0528.1997.tb14352.x
发表时间：
1997-08-01
期刊：
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
Kuh, DL;Wadsworth, M;Hardy, R
通讯作者：
Hardy, R
影响因子：
5.6
作者：
Moe, KE;Larsen, LH;Prinz, PN
通讯作者：
Prinz, PN
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Vgontzas, AN;Zoumakis, E;Chrousos, GP
通讯作者：
Chrousos, GP
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Roehrs, T;Kapke, A;Breslau, N
通讯作者：
Breslau, N
DOI：
10.1097/01.gme.0000030707.35686.5a
发表时间：
2003-01-01
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Kravitz, HM;Ganz, PA;Meyer, PM
通讯作者：
Meyer, PM