Is there a financial incentive to immigrate? Examining of the health worker salary gap between India and popular destination countries.
Is there a financial incentive to immigrate? Examining of the health worker salary gap between India and popular destination countries.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12960-017-0249-5
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发表时间：
2017-10-19
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Rhodes B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
George G;Rhodes B
国际移民是导致印度卫生人力资源短缺的因素之一。文献表明，国外高薪的前景助长了移徙。这些工资差异的程度是未知的，这项研究旨在审查选定的人力资源管理人员在印度和四个热门的目的地国家（美利坚合众国，联合王国，加拿大和阿拉伯联合酋长国）的工资，同时考虑到国内的生活成本。因此，这项研究将确定印度HRH移居国外的真正的经济激励措施。购买力平价（PPP）比率被用来平衡购买一篮子代表性的常用商品（包括食品，娱乐，燃料和公用事业）的国际价格。利用购买力平价指数，直接比较了四个国家选定工作类别和不同工作经验水平的真实的工资差异。美国护士的收入比印度护士高出82.7%。加拿大和阿联酋的护士显示出更温和的工资差异，但仍然分别高达28%和20%。只有英国的护士可能比在印度工作的护士更糟糕。我们观察到，美国、加拿大和阿联酋的医生的潜在购买力平价收益分别高达57.4%、99.1%和94.4%。医疗专家可能会经历最大的收入差距，麻醉师的收入可能比印度同行高出600%。在英国工作的放射科医生和在美国工作的普通外科医生的收入可能是在印度工作的同行的两倍多。我们观察到，在其他选定的国家，卫生专家的购买力平价增长较为温和或微不足道。即使考虑到生活费用的差异，印度人力资源部选定的干部到国外寻找工作的经济动机仍然很强。印度卫生人力资源向提供上级工资的国家迁移，使印度难以留住有经验的卫生人员，并损害了政府为使全国各地更容易获得卫生保健所做的努力。
International migration is one of the factors resulting in the shortage of Human Resources for Health (HRH) in India. Literature suggests that migration is fuelled by the prospect of higher salaries available abroad. The extent of these salary differentials are unknown, and this study seeks to examine the salaries of selected HRH in India and four popular destination countries (United States of America, United Kingdom, Canada and the United Arab Emirates), whilst accounting for the in-country cost of living. This study will therefore determine truer financial incentives for Indian HRH to migrate abroad. A purchasing power parity (PPP) ratio is employed to equalise the international price of buying a representative basket of commonly bought goods (including food, entertainment, fuel and utilities). Using the PPP index, real differences in salaries are directly compared for selected work categories and different levels of work experience in the four respective countries. Nurses in the USA can earn up to 82.7% more than their Indian counterparts. Nurses in Canada and the UAE reveal more modest salary differentials, yet still significant better off by up to 28 and 20% respectively. Only nurses in the UK are potentially materially worse off than nurses working in India. We observe significant potential PPP gains of up to 57.4, 99.1 and 94.4% for medical doctors in the USA, Canada and the UAE respectively. Medical specialists potentially experience the greatest income disparities with anaesthetists potentially earning up to 600% more than their counterparts in India. Radiologists operating in the UK and general surgeons working in the USA can potentially earn more than double that of their counterparts working in India. We observe more modest positive or negligible PPP gains in other selected countries for health specialists. Even when considering the differences in the cost of living, the financial incentive for selected cadres of Indian HRH to seek work abroad remains strong. The migration of Indian HRH to countries offering superior salaries makes it difficult for India to retain experienced health personal and compromises government efforts to render health care more accessible across the country.
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影响因子：
--
作者：
Castles, S
通讯作者：
Castles, S
DOI：
10.1177/1527154407301393
发表时间：
2007-02-01
期刊：
Policy, politics & nursing practice
影响因子：
--
作者：
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通讯作者：
Sochalski, Julie
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
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通讯作者：
McKenzie, David
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Nair, Manisha;Webster, Premila
通讯作者：
Webster, Premila
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
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通讯作者：
Frank MW