Logical fallacies and misinterpretations that hinder progress in translational addiction neuroscience.
Logical fallacies and misinterpretations that hinder progress in translational addiction neuroscience.
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DOI：
10.1002/jeab.757
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发表时间：
2022-05
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Gipson, Cassandra D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Strickland, Justin C.;Stoops, William W.;Banks, Matthew L.;Gipson, Cassandra D.
物质使用障碍(SOD)是异质性和复杂性的，使得开发翻译预测的啮齿动物和非人类灵长类动物模型来揭示它们的神经行为基础是困难的。以神经科学为重点的结果已经变得非常普遍，因此，肥胖症是脑部疾病的概念被认为是理解肥胖症病因和治疗的主导理论方向。然而，这些努力几乎没有有效的药物疗法，在某些情况下(如可卡因或甲基苯丙胺)，没有药物疗法从临床前模型转化为临床使用。在这篇理论评论中，我们首先从历史的角度描述物质使用行为的动物模型的发展。然后我们定义和讨论了三种逻辑谬误，包括1)循环解释，2)肯定结果，3)可以应用于所开发的模型的物化。然后，我们提供了三个案例，在这些案例中，常见方法(即行为经济需求、升级和恢复)中存在概念或逻辑问题。为了更好地弥合动物模型、SUDS的临床状况以及干预发展的当前和未来调控途径之间的翻译鸿沟，建议了该领域重新关注行为模型的替代策略。
Substance use disorders (SUDs) are heterogeneous and complex, making the development of translationally predictive rodent and nonhuman primate models to uncover their neurobehavioral underpinnings difficult. Neuroscience-focused outcomes have become highly prevalent, and with this, the notion that SUDs are disorders of the brain embraced as a dominant theoretical orientation to understand SUD etiology and treatment. These efforts, however, have led to few efficacious pharmacotherapies, and in some cases (as with cocaine or methamphetamine), no pharmacotherapies have translated from preclinical models for clinical use. In this theoretical commentary, we first describe the development of animal models of substance use behaviors from a historical perspective. We then define and discuss three logical fallacies including 1) circular explanation, 2) affirming the consequent, and 3) reification that can apply to developed models. We then provide three case examples in which conceptual or logical issues exist in common methods (i.e., behavioral economic demand, escalation, and reinstatement). Alternative strategies to refocus behavioral models are suggested for the field to better bridge the translational divide between animal models, the clinical condition of SUDs, and current and future regulatory pathways for intervention development.
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DOI：
10.1196/annals.1300.023
发表时间：
2003-01-01
期刊：
GLUTAMATE AND DISORDERS OF COGNITION AND MOTIVATION
影响因子：
--
作者：
Baker, DA;McFarland, K;Kalivas, PW
通讯作者：
Kalivas, PW
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Ahmed, SH;Lin, D;Parsons, LH
通讯作者：
Parsons, LH
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
BARDO, MT;NEISEWANDER, JL
通讯作者：
NEISEWANDER, JL
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Anker, Justin J.;Perry, Jennifer L.;Gliddon, Luke A.;Carroll, Marilyn E.
通讯作者：
Carroll, Marilyn E.
影响因子：
25
作者：
Ahmed, SH;Kenny, PJ;Markou, A
通讯作者：
Markou, A