Clearing the Haze: How Does Nicotine Affect Hematopoiesis before and after Birth?
Clearing the Haze: How Does Nicotine Affect Hematopoiesis before and after Birth?
复制标题
DOI：
10.3390/cancers14010184
复制
发表时间：
2021-12-30
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Forsberg EC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cool T;Baena ARY;Forsberg EC
在过去的几十年里，电子烟作为传统烟草产品的替代品而受到欢迎。尽管被宣传为更安全，但它们仍然含有几种剧毒化合物，对人类健康构成威胁。尼古丁是这些有毒化合物之一，已知对人类健康和疾病易感性有许多有害影响。造血干细胞（HSC）是产生整个免疫系统的干细胞，因此成为暴露个体健康状况和疾病易感性改变来源的一个令人信服的质询点。在这里，我们讨论尼古丁如何影响造血干细胞及其产生的免疫细胞，并强调改变终生免疫力的潜在机制。造血是一个由细胞内在和细胞外在线索精心调控的过程。在过去的几十年里，人们投入了大量的精力来了解这些信号如何调节造血干细胞（HSC）的功能。许多造血的内源性关键调节因子已被鉴定并得到广泛表征。关于环境有毒化合物对造血干细胞和祖细胞（HSPC）及其成熟免疫细胞后代的长期影响机制知之甚少。过去几十年的研究表明，烟草产品毒性极大，会引发癌症、呼吸道疾病、中风等疾病，对人类健康构成巨大风险。近年来，电子烟被宣传为传统烟草产品的更安全替代品，并越来越受到年轻一代的欢迎。尼古丁是许多传统烟草产品中发现的剧毒化合物，也存在于大多数电子烟中，这让人质疑其所谓的“安全性”。尽管众所周知尼古丁有毒，但接触尼古丁的人疾病的病理生理学仍在研究中。导致疾病易感性改变的一个可能因素是造血功能改变和相关的免疫功能障碍。在这篇综述中，我们重点研究了 HSC 和成熟血细胞如何响应尼古丁，并确定了剩余的问题。
E-cigarettes have gained popularity as alternatives to traditional tobacco products over the past several decades. Despite being marketed as safer, they still contain several highly toxic compounds, which pose as dangers to human health. Nicotine is one of those toxic compounds and is known to have many deleterious effects on human health and disease susceptibility. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are the stem cells that give rise to the entire immune system and therefore serve as a compelling point of interrogation for the source of altered health and disease susceptibility in exposed individuals. Here we discuss how nicotine influences HSCs and the immune cells they make, as well as highlight potential mechanisms of altered immunity for life. Hematopoiesis is a tightly regulated process orchestrated by cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic cues. Over the past several decades, much effort has been focused on understanding how these cues regulate hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function. Many endogenous key regulators of hematopoiesis have been identified and extensively characterized. Less is known about the mechanisms of long-term effects of environmental toxic compounds on hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) and their mature immune cell progeny. Research over the past several decades has demonstrated that tobacco products are extremely toxic and pose huge risks to human health by causing diseases like cancer, respiratory illnesses, strokes, and more. Recently, electronic cigarettes have been promoted as a safer alternative to traditional tobacco products and have become increasingly popular among younger generations. Nicotine, the highly toxic compound found in many traditional tobacco products, is also found in most electronic cigarettes, calling into question their purported “safety”. Although it is known that nicotine is toxic, the pathophysiology of disease in exposed people remains under investigation. One plausible contributor to altered disease susceptibility is altered hematopoiesis and associated immune dysfunction. In this review, we focus on research that has addressed how HSCs and mature blood cells respond to nicotine, as well as identify remaining questions.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Breit S;Kupferberg A;Rogler G;Hasler G
通讯作者：
Hasler G
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Gracia, MC
通讯作者：
Gracia, MC
影响因子：
--
作者：
Dani JA
通讯作者：
Dani JA
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Fernández JA;Prats JM;Artero JV;Mora AC;Fariñas AV;Espinal A;Méndez JA
通讯作者：
Méndez JA
DOI：
10.1093/toxsci/kfq103
发表时间：
2010-08
期刊：
Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bruin JE;Gerstein HC;Holloway AC
通讯作者：
Holloway AC