Dissociated grey matter changes with prolonged addiction and extended abstinence in cocaine users.
Dissociated grey matter changes with prolonged addiction and extended abstinence in cocaine users.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0059645
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Garavan H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Connolly CG;Bell RP;Foxe JJ;Garavan H
大量证据表明，与未使用过药物的对照组相比，目前和最近戒断的可卡因滥用者在前扣带、外侧前额叶和岛叶皮层等区域的灰质减少。然而，尽管这些缺陷对恢复和复发有影响，但对长期禁欲的持续性知之甚少。优化的体素为基础的形态学被用来评估如何局部灰质体积随着吸毒年数和禁欲的长度在不同的禁欲持续时间（1-102周）和使用年数（0.3-24年）的可卡因用户的横断面研究。在包括前扣带回、额下回和岛叶皮质在内的几个区域观察到与多年使用相关的较低灰质体积。相反，较高的灰质体积与禁欲持续时间被认为是在非重叠区域，包括前扣带回和后扣带回，岛，右腹侧和左背侧前额叶皮质。可卡因依赖个体的灰质体积在戒断35周后与药物初治对照组的灰质体积交叉，戒断时间较长的使用者的灰质体积大于正常体积。戒断使用者的大脑以区域灰质体积为特征，平均而言，超过那些保持戒断超过35周的使用者的药物初始体积。随着使用年限的延长和长期禁欲，区域之间的不对称性显示出变化，这表明恢复涉及不同的神经生物学过程，而不是疾病相关变化的逆转。具体来说，研究结果表明，对行为控制至关重要的区域可能对长期成功的禁欲很重要。
Extensive evidence indicates that current and recently abstinent cocaine abusers compared to drug-naïve controls have decreased grey matter in regions such as the anterior cingulate, lateral prefrontal and insular cortex. Relatively little is known, however, about the persistence of these deficits in long-term abstinence despite the implications this has for recovery and relapse. Optimized voxel based morphometry was used to assess how local grey matter volume varies with years of drug use and length of abstinence in a cross-sectional study of cocaine users with various durations of abstinence (1–102 weeks) and years of use (0.3–24 years). Lower grey matter volume associated with years of use was observed for several regions including anterior cingulate, inferior frontal gyrus and insular cortex. Conversely, higher grey matter volumes associated with abstinence duration were seen in non-overlapping regions that included the anterior and posterior cingulate, insular, right ventral and left dorsal prefrontal cortex. Grey matter volumes in cocaine dependent individuals crossed those of drug-naïve controls after 35 weeks of abstinence, with greater than normal volumes in users with longer abstinence. The brains of abstinent users are characterized by regional grey matter volumes, which on average, exceed drug-naïve volumes in those users who have maintained abstinence for more than 35 weeks. The asymmetry between the regions showing alterations with extended years of use and prolonged abstinence suggest that recovery involves distinct neurobiological processes rather than being a reversal of disease-related changes. Specifically, the results suggest that regions critical to behavioral control may be important to prolonged, successful, abstinence.
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影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Clark, Vincent P.;Beatty, Gregory K.;Anderson, Robert E.;Kodituwakku, Piyadassa;Phillips, John P.;Lane, Terran D. R.;Kiehl, Kent A.;Calhoun, Vince D.
通讯作者：
Calhoun, Vince D.
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Driemeyer J;Boyke J;Gaser C;Büchel C;May A
通讯作者：
May A
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bartzokis, G;Beckson, M;Mintz, J
通讯作者：
Mintz, J
DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01452.x
发表时间：
2011-06
期刊：
Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research
影响因子：
--
作者：
Durazzo TC;Tosun D;Buckley S;Gazdzinski S;Mon A;Fryer SL;Meyerhoff DJ
通讯作者：
Meyerhoff DJ
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Bechara, Antoine
通讯作者：
Bechara, Antoine