Daily average exposures to respirable particulate matter from combustion of biomass fuels in rural households of southern India.
Daily average exposures to respirable particulate matter from combustion of biomass fuels in rural households of southern India.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.021101069
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发表时间：
2002-11
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Pandey VL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Balakrishnan K;Sankar S;Parikh J;Padmavathi R;Srividya K;Venugopal V;Prasad S;Pandey VL
发展中国家农村家庭燃烧生物质燃料造成的室内空气污染现已被确认为造成全球疾病负担的主要因素。由于缺乏定量的接触资料，对健康风险的准确估计受到阻碍。在这项研究中，我们量化暴露于可吸入颗粒物的生物质燃料燃烧在436农村家庭通过分层随机抽样从印度泰米尔纳德邦的四个地区。研究家庭是来自收集社会经济和健康信息的同一地区的5，028个家庭的较大样本的子集。先前报告了烹饪过程中个人暴露于可吸入颗粒物的测量结果。这已经扩展到计算24小时的接触与援助的额外测量期间非烹饪时间和收集的时间活动记录。在使用生物质的家庭中，烹饪期间可吸入颗粒物的浓度范围为500至2，000微克/立方米（3），24小时平均暴露量范围为90 +/- 21微克/立方米（3）（不参与烹饪）至231 +/- 109微克/立方米（3）（烹饪）。对于使用清洁燃料的家庭，24小时暴露量约为82 +/- 39微克/立方米（3）（家庭亚组之间的暴露量相似）。燃料类型、厨房类型和位置以及烹饪时在厨房附近花费的时间是这些家庭暴露的最重要决定因素，其他参数包括炉灶类型、烹饪时间和邻居烹饪产生的烟雾。这些估计数可用于建立区域接触数据库，并促进健康风险评估。
Indoor air pollution resulting from combustion of biomass fuels in rural households of developing countries is now recognized as a major contributor to the global burden of disease. Accurate estimation of health risks has been hampered by a paucity of quantitative exposure information. In this study we quantified exposures to respirable particulate matter from biomass-fuel combustion in 436 rural homes selected through stratified random sampling from four districts of Tamil Nadu, India. The study households are a subset of a larger sample of 5,028 households from the same districts in which socioeconomic and health information has been collected. Results of measurements for personal exposures to respirable particulate matter during cooking were reported earlier. This has been extended to calculation of 24-hr exposures with the aid of additional measurements during noncooking times and the collection of time-activity records. Concentrations of respirable particulate matter ranged from 500 to 2,000 micro g/m(3) during cooking in biomass-using households, and average 24-hr exposures ranged from 90 +/- 21 micro g/m(3) for those not involved in cooking to 231 +/- 109 micro g/m(3) for those who cooked. The 24-hr exposures were around 82 +/- 39 micro g/m(3) for those in households using clean fuels (with similar exposures across household subgroups). Fuel type, type and location of the kitchen, and the time spent near the kitchen while cooking were the most important determinants of exposure across these households among other parameters examined, including stove type, cooking duration, and smoke from neighborhood cooking. These estimates could be used to build a regional exposure database and facilitate health risk assessments.
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影响因子：
7.7
作者：
ARMSTRONG, JRM;CAMPBELL, H
通讯作者：
CAMPBELL, H
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Ellegard, A
通讯作者：
Ellegard, A
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
Albalak, R;Keeler, GJ;Haber, M
通讯作者：
Haber, M
影响因子：
11.8
作者：
RAMAKRISHNA, J;DURGAPRASAD, MB;SMITH, KR
通讯作者：
SMITH, KR
影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Bruce, N;Neufeld, L;West, C
通讯作者：
West, C