Behavioral and hormonal reactivity to threat: effects of selective amygdala, hippocampal or orbital frontal lesions in monkeys.
Behavioral and hormonal reactivity to threat: effects of selective amygdala, hippocampal or orbital frontal lesions in monkeys.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.psyneuen.2008.04.012
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发表时间：
2008-08
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Bachevalier, Jocelyne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Machado, Christopher J.;Bachevalier, Jocelyne
我们比较了双侧杏仁核、海马和眶额皮质损伤对恒河猴（猕猴）情绪和激素反应的影响。实验1测量了手术前后对不熟悉的人类入侵者的行为反应。杏仁核受损的动物表现出一种被动防御行为（冻结）的减少，而海马受损的动物表现出更多刺激导向的防御行为（磨牙）的减少。眶额叶皮层损伤也减少了这两种防御行为，并减少了摇笼子的优势表现。扁桃体、海马或假性损伤的动物在手术后也表现出与紧张相关的行为增加，但眶额损伤的动物则没有。最后，所有三种损伤都削弱了手术动物根据人类入侵者构成的威胁程度调节紧张相关行为的能力。实验2测量了这些动物中的一部分在休息时的皮质醇和睾丸激素循环水平，这些动物受到身体限制、暂时隔离、暴露于有威胁的物体以及与不熟悉的同种动物进行社会互动。在任何情况下，这些损伤都不会影响睾丸激素水平。杏仁核或眶额损伤在与同伴隔离时减弱了皮质醇的反应性，但在任何其他情况下都没有。海马体损伤在任何情况下都不会改变皮质醇的循环水平。这些结果表明，杏仁核、海马体和眶额叶皮层在协调情绪和激素对威胁的反应方面发挥着不同的作用，但又互补。
We compared the effects of bilateral amygdala, hippocampal or orbital frontal cortex lesions on emotional and hormonal reactivity in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Experiment 1 measured behavioral reactivity to an unfamiliar human intruder before and after surgery. Animals with amygdala lesions demonstrated decreases in one passive defensive behavior (freezing), whereas animals with hippocampal lesions showed decreases in a more stimulus-directed defensive behavior (tooth grinding). Orbital frontal cortex lesions also reduced these two defensive behaviors, as well as decreased cage-shaking dominance displays. Animals with amygdala, hippocampal or sham lesions also demonstrated increased tension-related behaviors after surgery, but those with orbital frontal lesions did not. Finally, all three lesions diminished the operated animals' ability to modulate tension-related behaviors depending on the magnitude of threat posed by the human intruder. Experiment 2 measured circulating levels of cortisol and testosterone when a subset of these same animals were at rest and following physical restraint, temporary isolation, exposure to threatening objects and social interactions with an unfamiliar conspecific. None of the lesions impacted on testosterone levels in any condition. Amygdala or orbital frontal lesions blunted cortisol reactivity during isolation from peers, but not during any other condition. Hippocampal lesions did not alter circulating levels of cortisol under any conditions. These results indicate that the amygdala, hippocampus and orbital frontal cortex play distinct, yet complimentary roles in coordinating emotional and hormonal reactivity to threat.
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影响因子：
2.9
作者：
BUTTER, CM;MISHKIN, M;MIRSKY, AF
通讯作者：
MIRSKY, AF
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Feldman, S;Weidenfeld, J
通讯作者：
Weidenfeld, J
影响因子：
4
作者：
FRANKEL, RJ;JENKINS, JS
通讯作者：
JENKINS, JS
DOI：
10.1037/h0077848
发表时间：
1981-01-01
期刊：
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
AGGLETON, JP;PASSINGHAM, RE
通讯作者：
PASSINGHAM, RE
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
FELDMAN, S;CONFORTI, N
通讯作者：
CONFORTI, N