Therapeutic potential of microbial modulation in pancreatic cancer.
Therapeutic potential of microbial modulation in pancreatic cancer.
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DOI：
10.1136/gutjnl-2019-319807
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发表时间：
2021-04-27
期刊：
影响因子：
24.5
通讯作者：
McAllister F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chandra V;McAllister F
胰腺癌，尤其是胰腺导管腺癌，是一种侵袭性疾病，预后差。1手术是唯一可能的根治方法，但只有在早期疾病患者中才有可能，而且大多数患者存在不可切除的疾病。1即使在接受切除的患者中，由于早期全身播散，复发率也很高。2联合化疗仍是晚期疾病患者的标准治疗方案，但其疗效参差不齐，其毒性限制了疗程。3-5单剂免疫疗法的临床试验结果尚未证明其对胰腺癌患者有效，即使与化疗或其他免疫治疗剂一起使用也不是如此。高度免疫抑制的肿瘤微环境(TME)被认为是胰腺癌免疫治疗效果不佳的主要原因之一。9-11因此，迫切需要新的策略来调节抑制的TME。胃肠道是最大的微生物储存库，通过与宿主细胞的相互作用在调节新陈代谢和免疫方面发挥重要作用。12幽门螺杆菌感染与胃炎和消化性溃疡疾病发病率之间的关系的发现为Barry Matt和Robin Warren赢得了2005年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，强调了微生物区系在影响可能导致癌症的炎症条件方面的关键作用。13微生物α多样性是量化已定义样本中不同物种数量的指标。14 15患有许多恶性肿瘤的患者，包括结直肠癌、乳腺癌和胰腺癌，
Pancreatic cancer, particularly pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), is an aggressive disease with a poor prognosis. 1 Surgery is the only potential curative treatment, but it is only possible in patients with early-stage disease, and most patients present with non-resectable disease. 1 Even in patients who undergo resection, the recurrence rate is very high due to early systemic dissemination. 2 Combinatorial chemotherapy remains the standard of care for patients with advanced disease, but responses to it are heterogeneous, and its toxicity limits treatment duration. 3–5 Results from clinical trials of single-agent immunotherapy have not proven its efficacy in patients with pancreatic cancer, not even when used with chemotherapy or other immunotherapeutic agents. 6–8 A highly immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment (TME) has been postulated as one of the main reasons for the lack of efficacy of immunotherapy for pancreatic cancer. 9–11 Therefore, novel strategies that modulate the suppressive TME are urgently needed.The GI tract is the largest reservoir of microbes, which play important roles in modulating metabolism and immunity through interaction with host cells. 12 The discovery of the association between infection with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori and the incidence of gastritis and peptic ulcer disease earned Barry Marshall and Robin Warren the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2005, underscoring the pivotal role of the microbiota in influencing inflammatory conditions which may predispose to cancer. 13 The microbial α-diversity is a metric that quantifies the number of different species within a defined sample. 14 15 In patients with many malignancies, including colorectal, breast and pancreatic cancer,
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DOI：
10.1084/jem.20180448
发表时间：
2019-01-07
期刊：
The Journal of experimental medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Durack J;Lynch SV
通讯作者：
Lynch SV
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Half, Elizabeth;Keren, Nirit;Gophna, Uri
通讯作者：
Gophna, Uri
影响因子：
30.3
作者：
Hsu, Bryan B.;Gibson, Travis E.;Gerber, Georg K.
通讯作者：
Gerber, Georg K.
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Bedi, Deepa;Gillespie, James W.;Petrenko, Valery A.
通讯作者：
Petrenko, Valery A.
影响因子：
10.3
作者：
Goedert, James J.;Jones, Gieira;Feigelson, Heather Spencer
通讯作者：
Feigelson, Heather Spencer