Reward processing and psychopathic traits in children.
Reward processing and psychopathic traits in children.
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DOI：
10.1037/per0000430
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发表时间：
2021-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zhang W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gao Y;Zhang W
越来越多的证据表明，精神病态特征的三个维度，包括浮华操纵、冷酷无情和大胆冲动，其背后的机制是不同的。到目前为止，每个维度的神经生物学相关性还没有被完全理解。在这项研究中，我们考察了奖励处理缺陷是否与这些特征有差异相关，以及社会逆境是否会缓和这些关系。对来自社区的8-10岁儿童（N=340，平均年龄= 9.06,SD = 0.60，其中48.2%为男孩）在完成奖励任务时的前抛射期进行评估，并由照顾者对儿童的精神病态特征进行评定。结果表明：(1)在低社会逆境条件下，高CU特质与较少的PEP缩短相关，反映了奖励低反应性；在高社会逆境条件下，更多的PEP缩短相关，表明高反应性；(2)高DI特质仅与低逆境条件下的超反应性相关；(3)GM特质与奖励加工缺陷无关。研究结果进一步证明，不同的病因可能是精神病特征的不同维度的基础，并强调了社会心理因素在理解青少年精神病的神经生物学机制中的重要作用。
Growing evidence has suggested that the mechanisms underlying the three dimensions of psychopathic traits, including grandiose-manipulative, callous-unemotional, and daring-impulsive are different. As yet, the neurobiological correlates of each dimension have not been fully understood. In this study, we examined if reward processing deficits were differentially associated with these traits, and whether social adversity moderated these relationships. Pre-ejection period was assessed in children aged 8–10 years from the community (N=340, mean age = 9.06, SD = .60; 48.2% boys) while they were completing a reward task, and the caregivers rated children’s psychopathic traits. Results indicated that (1) high CU traits were associated with less PEP shortening, reflecting reward hypo-responsivity, at low levels of social adversity, and more PEP shortening, indicating hyper-responsivity, at high levels of social adversity, (2) high DI traits were associated with hyper-responsivity at low levels of adversity only, and (3) GM traits were not linked to reward processing deficits. Findings provide further evidence that different etiologies may underlie various dimensions of psychopathic traits, and highlight the important role of psychosocial factors in understanding the neurobiological mechanism of youth psychopathy.
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