High and Sustained Ex Vivo Frequency but Altered Phenotype of SARS-CoV-2-Specific CD4(+) T-Cells in an Anti-CD20-Treated Patient with Prolonged COVID-19.

High and Sustained Ex Vivo Frequency but Altered Phenotype of SARS-CoV-2-Specific CD4(+) T-Cells in an Anti-CD20-Treated Patient with Prolonged COVID-19.
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在抗CD20治疗的患者中,较高和持续的离体频率却改变了SARS-COV-2特异性CD4(+)T细胞的表型。

DOI:
10.3390/v14061265
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发表时间:
2022-06-10
期刊:
Viruses
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其他
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在这里,我们通过 MHC II 类 DRB1*11:01 四聚体分析,纵向评估了一名接受抗 CD20 治疗的长期病毒阳性患者的 SARS-CoV-2 膜蛋白 (aa145-164) 表位特异性 CD4+ T 细胞的离体频率和表型,并与免疫功能正常的患者进行直接比较。我们在两名患者中检测到高且稳定的 SARS-CoV-2 膜特异性 CD4+ T 细胞反应,在 B 细胞耗尽的患者中病毒特异性 CD4+ T 细胞的频率更高。然而,我们发现 B 细胞耗竭患者的病毒特异性 CD4+ T 细胞记忆表型发生了改变,偏向于晚期分化的记忆 T 细胞,并且具有 CD45RA− CXCR5+ PD-1+ 循环 T 滤泡辅助细胞 (cTFH) 表型的 SARS-CoV-2 特异性 CD4+ T 细胞的频率降低。此外,我们观察到 CD127− 病毒特异性效应细胞的延迟收缩。患者病毒特异性 CD4+ T 细胞上共抑制受体 TIGIT 和 LAG-3 的表达存在波动,但与炎症标志物 IL-6 和 CRP 相关。我们的研究结果表明,尽管 B 细胞耗尽且缺乏 B 细胞与 T 细胞相互作用,但可以引发强大的病毒特异性 CD4+ T 细胞反应,有助于控制病毒复制,但这不足以完全消除感染。
Here, we longitudinally assessed the ex vivo frequency and phenotype of SARS-CoV-2 membrane protein (aa145–164) epitope-specific CD4+ T-cells of an anti-CD20-treated patient with prolonged viral positivity in direct comparison to an immunocompetent patient through an MHC class II DRB1*11:01 Tetramer analysis. We detected a high and stable SARS-CoV-2 membrane-specific CD4+ T-cell response in both patients, with higher frequencies of virus-specific CD4+ T-cells in the B-cell-depleted patient. However, we found an altered virus-specific CD4+ T-cell memory phenotype in the B-cell-depleted patient that was skewed towards late differentiated memory T-cells, as well as reduced frequencies of SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ T-cells with CD45RA− CXCR5+ PD-1+ circulating T follicular helper cell (cTFH) phenotype. Furthermore, we observed a delayed contraction of CD127− virus-specific effector cells. The expression of the co-inhibitory receptors TIGIT and LAG-3 fluctuated on the virus-specific CD4+ T-cells of the patient, but were associated with the inflammation markers IL-6 and CRP. Our findings indicate that, despite B-cell depletion and a lack of B-cell—T-cell interaction, a robust virus-specific CD4+ T-cell response can be primed that helps to control the viral replication, but which is not sufficient to fully abrogate the infection.
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