Natural selection in the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in bats created a generalist virus and highly capable human pathogen.
Natural selection in the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 in bats created a generalist virus and highly capable human pathogen.
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蝙蝠SARS-CoV-2进化过程中的自然选择创造了一种全能病毒和高度能力的人类病原体。
DOI:
10.1371/journal.pbio.3001115
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发表时间:
2021-03
期刊:
影响因子:
9.8
通讯作者:
Robertson DL
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
MacLean OA;Lytras S;Weaver S;Singer JB;Boni MF;Lemey P;Kosakovsky Pond SL;Robertson DL
Virus host shifts are generally associated with novel adaptations to exploit the cells of the new host species optimally. Surprisingly, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has apparently required little to no significant adaptation to humans since the start of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and to October 2020. Here we assess the types of natural selection taking place in Sarbecoviruses in horseshoe bats versus the early SARS-CoV-2 evolution in humans. While there is moderate evidence of diversifying positive selection in SARS-CoV-2 in humans, it is limited to the early phase of the pandemic, and purifying selection is much weaker in SARS-CoV-2 than in related bat Sarbecoviruses. In contrast, our analysis detects evidence for significant positive episodic diversifying selection acting at the base of the bat virus lineage SARS-CoV-2 emerged from, accompanied by an adaptive depletion in CpG composition presumed to be linked to the action of antiviral mechanisms in these ancestral bat hosts. The closest bat virus to SARS-CoV-2, RmYN02 (sharing an ancestor about 1976), is a recombinant with a structure that includes differential CpG content in Spike; clear evidence of coinfection and evolution in bats without involvement of other species. While an undiscovered “facilitating” intermediate species cannot be discounted, collectively, our results support the progenitor of SARS-CoV-2 being capable of efficient human–human transmission as a consequence of its adaptive evolutionary history in bats, not humans, which created a relatively generalist virus. A study of the natural origins of SARS-CoV-2 reveals very little adaptive evolution occurring since it emerged in humans, but strong evolutionary signals in the bat virus lineage from which SARS-CoV-2 arose. Evolution in bats involved lineage-specific depletion of CpG nucleotides (linked to host anti-viral molecules), and clear evidence of recombination across these lineages, supporting bat host species’ influence on the ancestral viruses.
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影响因子:
5.3
作者:
Dudas G;Rambaut A
通讯作者:
Rambaut A
影响因子:
28.3
作者:
Gorbalenya, Alexander E.;Baker, Susan C.;Ziebuhr, John
通讯作者:
Ziebuhr, John
DOI:
10.1098/rspb.2014.0732
发表时间:
2014-07-07
影响因子:
4.7
作者:
Duchene, Sebastian;Holmes, Edward C.;Ho, Simon Y. W.
通讯作者:
Ho, Simon Y. W.
影响因子:
6.7
作者:
Greenbaum BD;Levine AJ;Bhanot G;Rabadan R
通讯作者:
Rabadan R
DOI:
10.1038/s41576-018-0055-5
发表时间:
2018-12
期刊:
Nature reviews. Genetics
影响因子:
--
作者:
Geoghegan JL;Holmes EC
通讯作者:
Holmes EC