Snacking for a cause: nutritional insufficiencies and excesses of U.S. children, a critical review of food consumption patterns and macronutrient and micronutrient intake of U.S. children.
Snacking for a cause: nutritional insufficiencies and excesses of U.S. children, a critical review of food consumption patterns and macronutrient and micronutrient intake of U.S. children.
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DOI：
10.3390/nu6114750
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发表时间：
2014-10-30
期刊：
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Slavin J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hess J;Slavin J
这项审查的目的是确定美国2至11岁儿童的饮食不足和过度饮食。以及在营养和能量密度方面值得关注的饮食习惯，以改善整体饮食质量。我们检查了国家健康和营养检查调查(NHANES)中我们吃什么(WWEIA)表中的数据，以及学校营养饮食评估研究(SNDA)中的调查数据。调查数据分析显示，儿童维生素D、钙和钾摄入量不足，而能量、碳水化合物和钠摄入量过剩。改变饮食是必要的，以防止严重的营养缺乏和慢性疾病的发展。自20世纪70年代以来，零食在这一人群中稳步增长，零食提供了必要的营养。然而，在零食场合，碳水化合物和添加的糖往往会过量摄入。用营养密集型食品取代目前的零食选择，可以降低营养缺乏的风险，并有助于降低过量的营养消耗。在零食时间增加低糖乳制品的摄入量，特别是酸奶，可以增加重要微量营养素的摄入量，而不会导致饮食过量。
The objective of this review was to identify dietary insufficiencies and excesses in children aged two to 11 in the United States (U.S.) and eating habits that merit concern in terms of nutrient and energy density to improve overall diet quality. Data from the What We Eat in America (WWEIA) tables from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were examined as well as survey data from the School Nutrition Dietary Assessment Study (SNDA). Analysis of survey data revealed that children consume insufficient Vitamin D, calcium, and potassium and excess energy, carbohydrates, and sodium. Dietary modifications are necessary to prevent serious deficiencies and the development of chronic illness. Snacking has steadily increased in this population since the 1970s, and snacks provide necessary nutrients. However, carbohydrates and added sugars tend to be over-consumed at snacking occasions. Replacement of current snack choices with nutrient-dense foods could lower the risks of nutrient deficiencies and help lower excess nutrient consumption. Increased consumption of low sugar dairy foods, especially yogurt, at snack times could increase intake of important micronutrients without contributing to dietary excesses.
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影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Scharf RJ;Demmer RT;DeBoer MD
通讯作者：
DeBoer MD
影响因子：
5.5
作者：
Cohen, Juliana F. W.;Richardson, Scott;Austin, S. Bryn;Economos, Christina D.;Rimm, Eric B.
通讯作者：
Rimm, Eric B.
影响因子：
37.8
作者：
ARISTIMUNO, GG;FOSTER, TA;BERENSON, GS
通讯作者：
BERENSON, GS
DOI：
10.1377/hlthaff.2009.0666
发表时间：
2010-03
期刊：
Health affairs (Project Hope)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Piernas C;Popkin BM
通讯作者：
Popkin BM
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Lioret, Sandrine;Touvier, Mathilde;Maires, Bernard
通讯作者：
Maires, Bernard