Marines, medics, and machismo: lack of fit with masculine occupational stereotypes discourages men's participation.

Marines, medics, and machismo: lack of fit with masculine occupational stereotypes discourages men's participation.
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海军陆战队、医务人员和大男子主义:与男性职业刻板印象不相符阻碍了男性的参与。

DOI:
10.1111/bjop.12106
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发表时间:
2015
期刊:
1953)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Peters K
Peters K
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Peters K

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妇女在一些传统上由男性担任的职业(例如,会计,新闻),但不进入其他(例如,军事、外科)。有证据表明,后一类职业的特点是对妇女特别不利的超男性化的“大男子主义”刻板印象。在这里,我们探讨这种大男子主义的职业刻板印象是否特别顽固,不仅因为它们对女性的影响,而且因为它们对男性的影响。我们研究了与海军陆战队突击队员和外科医生有关的大男子主义刻板印象是否会阻止那些认为自己“不够男人”的男人。研究一发现,男性新兵(N=218)对男性突击队员的不适应感与职业认同感和动机降低有关。研究2显示,男性外科实习生(N=117)认为缺乏适合与男性外科医生减少识别和增加心理退出一年后。总之,这表明大男子主义的职业刻板印象可能会让那些可能挑战它们的男人感到沮丧。
Women have made substantial inroads into some traditionally masculine occupations (e.g., accounting, journalism) but not into others (e.g., military, surgery). Evidence suggests the latter group of occupations is characterized by hyper‐masculine ‘macho’ stereotypes that are especially disadvantageous to women. Here, we explore whether such macho occupational stereotypes may be especially tenacious, not just because of their impact on women, but also because of their impact on men. We examined whether macho stereotypes associated with marine commandos and surgeons discourage men who feel that they are ‘not man enough’. Study 1 demonstrates that male new recruits' (N=218) perceived lack of fit with masculine commandos was associated with reduced occupational identification and motivation. Study 2 demonstrates that male surgical trainees' (N=117) perceived lack of fit with masculine surgeons was associated with reduced identification and increased psychological exit a year later. Together, this suggests that macho occupational stereotypes may discourage the very men who may challenge them.
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