Large and inequitable flood risks in Los Angeles, California

Large and inequitable flood risks in Los Angeles, California
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加利福尼亚州洛杉矶存在巨大且不公平的洪水风险

DOI:
10.1038/s41893-022-00977-7
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发表时间:
2023
影响因子:
27.6
通讯作者:
Davis, Steven J.
Davis, Steven J.
中科院分区:
环境科学与生态学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sanders, Brett F.;Schubert, Jochen E.;Kahl, Daniel T.;Mach, Katharine J.;Brady, David;AghaKouchak, Amir;Forman, Fonna;Matthew, Richard A.;Ulibarri, Nicola;Davis, Steven J.

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美国的洪水风险历来被低估,特别是在人类福祉以及低财富和边缘化社区方面。在这里,我们描述了一个更全面的风险在洛杉矶,加州,使用一个定量框架,交叉洪水灾害的降雨,径流和风暴潮的暴露和脆弱性,包括种族,种族和社会经济劣势的措施。我们发现,197,000至874,000人(中位数425,000)和360亿至1080亿美元的财产(中位数560亿美元)在100年一遇的洪水区内面临超过30厘米的洪水,风险水平远远高于联邦定义的洪泛区,类似于美国历史上最具破坏性的飓风。这些风险对非西班牙裔黑人和弱势群体来说不成比例地高,给那些可能面临更大挑战的社区带来负担,恢复和加强社会经济不平等。我们的框架为透明和公平地减少城市地区的洪水风险创造了机会。
Flood risks in the United States have historically been underestimated, particularly with respect to human well-being and within low-wealth and marginalized communities. Here, we characterize a fuller range of risks in Los Angeles, California, using a quantitative framework that intersects flood hazards from rainfall, streamflow and storm tides with measures of exposure and vulnerability including ethnicity, race and socioeconomic disadvantage. We find that between 197,000 and 874,000 people (median 425,000) and between US$36 billion and US$108 billion in property (median US$56 billion) are exposed to flooding greater than 30 cm within the 100-year flood zone, risk levels far above federally defined floodplains and similar to the most damaging hurricanes in US history. These risks are disproportionately higher for non-Hispanic Black and disadvantaged populations, burdening communities that may have greater challenges recovering and reinforcing socioeconomic inequities. Our framework creates opportunities for transparently and equitably reducing flood risks in urban areas.
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