An updated animal model capturing both the cognitive and emotional features of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
An updated animal model capturing both the cognitive and emotional features of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
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DOI：
10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00142
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Campolongo P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berardi A;Trezza V;Palmery M;Trabace L;Cuomo V;Campolongo P
最新发布的《精神疾病诊断和统计手册》(DSM-5)将创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)定义为“创伤和应激源相关的障碍”。创伤后应激障碍的发病机制依赖于创伤暴露引起的情绪记忆加工的矛盾改变，并与情绪功能障碍相关。几种创伤后应激障碍的动物模型已经得到验证，目前正在使用。每一个都模仿了障碍的一个特定子集，并特别强调，主要是受DSM-4中过去对创伤后应激障碍的分类的驱动，对情绪特征的关注。鉴于DSM-5最近的更新，我们的目标是通过使用经过充分验证的范例，开发一种能够同时模拟疾病的认知和情感特征的创伤后应激障碍的修正模型。我们将雄性大鼠暴露在一块磨损的猫项圈中，或者暴露在一系列不可避免的脚击中，并伴随着创伤后应激障碍的风险因素，即社交孤立。动物随后以不同的时间间隔再次暴露在条件情境中，以测试对应激源的记忆保持。此外，还对足底电击暴露的大鼠进行了高架加迷宫测试和社会互动测试。我们发现，暴露在猫圈下的大鼠表现出强烈的恐惧反应，并不会导致持久的记忆保持。相反，足底电击暴露的大鼠在暴露后1、7、14、21和56天成功地保持了应激体验。足击暴露的大鼠在社会互动测试中表现出焦虑的行为特征，在高架加迷宫测试中运动活动显著减少。当动物被社会安置时，这些功能障碍没有被观察到，因此突出了在病理学发展中的社会缓冲效应。我们的结果强调了基于足部电击的范式与社会隔离相结合作为创伤后应激障碍动物模型的良好有效性，能够同时模拟病理的一些持久的认知和情感方面。
The new-released Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) defines post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as a “trauma and stressor-related disorder”. PTSD pathogenesis relies on paradoxical changes of emotional memory processing induced by the trauma exposure and associated with emotional dysfunction. Several animal models of PTSD have been validated and are currently used. Each one mimics a particular subset of the disorder with particular emphasis, mainly driven by the past classification of PTSD in the DSM-4, on the emotional features. In view of the recent update in the DSM-5, our aim was to develop, by using well-validated paradigms, a modified model of PTSD able to mimic at the same time both the cognitive and emotional features of the disease. We exposed male rats to either a piece of worn cat collar or to a series of inescapable footshocks paired with a PTSD risk factor, i.e., social isolation. Animals were subsequently re-exposed to the conditioned contexts at different time intervals in order to test memory retention for the stressors. In addition, footshock-exposed rats were tested in the elevated-plus-maze and social interaction tests. We found that rats exposed to a cat collar exhibited an acute fear response that did not lead to enduring memory retention. Conversely, footshock-exposed rats expressed a successful retention of the stressful experience at 1, 7, 14, 21 and 56 post-exposure days. Footshock-exposed rats displayed an anxious behavioral profile in the social interaction test and a significantly reduced locomotor activity in the elevated-plus-maze test. These dysfunctions were not observed when animals were socially housed, thus highlighting a social buffering effect in the development of the pathology. Our results underline the good validity of a footshock-based paradigm paired with social isolation as a PTSD animal model, able to mimic at the same time both some of the enduring cognitive and emotional facets of the pathology.
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影响因子：
8.2
作者：
Apfelbach, R;Blanchard, CD;McGregor, IS
通讯作者：
McGregor, IS
影响因子：
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作者：
Daviu, Nuria;Fuentes, Silvia;Armario, Antonio
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Armario, Antonio
影响因子：
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作者：
Dielenberg, RA;McGregor, IS
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McGregor, IS
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作者：
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3.7
作者：
Liberzon, I;Krstov, M;Young, EA
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Young, EA