Emerging Roles for G-protein Coupled Receptors in Development and Activation of Macrophages

Emerging Roles for G-protein Coupled Receptors in Development and Activation of Macrophages
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G 蛋白偶联受体在巨噬细胞发育和激活中的新作用

DOI:
10.3389/fimmu.2019.02031
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发表时间:
2019-08
影响因子:
7.3
通讯作者:
Wei Wei
Wei Wei
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wang Xinming;Iyer Abishek;Lyons A Bruce;Korner Heinrich;Wei Wei

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巨噬细胞已成为先天免疫系统的关键组成部分,在妊娠期间和成年生物体中迁移到外周组织。它们成熟的复杂途径,它们独特的可塑性以及它们在免疫应答期间作为效应细胞和调节细胞的各种作用一直是深入研究的焦点。G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR)是一类表面分子,在许多免疫过程中发挥重要作用。他们已经引起了人们对这些功能和治疗靶点的关注,这些靶点可以调节免疫细胞在糖尿病、动脉粥样硬化和慢性炎症性疾病等病理学中的反应。在鉴定的800多种GPCR中,约100种目前被已经在体内研究了其活性的药物靶向。巨噬细胞表达许多GPCR,这些GPCR在细胞分化和调节其功能过程中发挥重要作用。虽然一些巨噬细胞GPCR如趋化因子受体已被非常详细地研究,但这个大家族的其他受体的作用仍不清楚。本文综述了巨噬细胞生物学的新见解,人类和小鼠巨噬细胞的差异,并详细介绍了这种细胞类型表达的一些GPCR。
Macrophages have emerged as a key component of the innate immune system that emigrates to peripheral tissues during gestation and in the adult organism. Their complex pathway to maturity, their unique plasticity and their various roles as effector and regulatory cells during an immune response have been the focus of intense research. A class of surface molecules, the G-Protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) play important roles in many immune processes. They have drawn attention in regard to these functions and the potential for therapeutic targets that can modulate the response of immune cells in pathologies such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, and chronic inflammatory diseases. Of the more than 800 GPCRs identified, ~100 are currently targeted with drugs which have had their activity investigated in vivo. Macrophages express a number of GPCRs which have central roles during cell differentiation and in the regulation of their functions. While some macrophage GPCRs such as chemokine receptors have been studied in great detail, the roles of other receptors of this large family are still not well understood. This review summarizes new insights into macrophage biology, differences of human, and mouse macrophages and gives details of some of the GPCRs expressed by this cell type.
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