Can public health reconcile profits and pandemics? An analysis of attitudes to commercial sector engagement in health policy and research.
Can public health reconcile profits and pandemics? An analysis of attitudes to commercial sector engagement in health policy and research.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0182612
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Smith KE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Collin J;Hill SE;Kandlik Eltanani M;Plotnikova E;Ralston R;Smith KE
公共卫生部门与不健康商品行业（酒精、烟草和超加工食品和饮料）的接触条件在政策和研究中日益受到争议。我们试图确定能够在政策领域内和跨政策领域吸引共识支持的方法。利用滚雪球抽样，我们对40个国家的335名卫生研究人员、倡导者和政策制定者进行了在线调查，评估了对与关键政策和研究举措有关的不健康商品行业接触的既定原则、主张和建议的反应。大多数答复者指出，所有三个行业的行业利益与公共卫生目标之间存在根本冲突，在烟草方面的一致性最大，在食品方面的一致性最差。这一模式在涉及潜在参与形式的各种问题中得到了重复，包括拒绝在卫生政策方面采取自愿主义和伙伴关系做法。虽然对烟草业影响政策和研究的策略的认识高于酒精和食品，但大多数答复者不同意后者对公共卫生的影响较小的观点。在食品方面，卫生和研究机构应该撤资的提议得到的支持较少，而限制行业资助的研究在学术期刊上发表是意见分歧最大的问题。受访者表示，最困难的是回答有关食品行业的问题。围绕限制与烟草业互动的强烈共识支持加强实施《世卫组织烟草控制框架公约》的利益冲突条款。人们强烈支持将这种做法扩展到酒类行业，挑战现行规范。更复杂的反应表明，需要更明确地定义食品工业，并进行研究，分析不同类型的不健康商品生产者之间的联系、异同。解决非传染性疾病的伙伴关系方法似乎无法吸引整个公共卫生领域的广泛支持，在许多情况下对做法构成挑战。
Public health’s terms of engagement with unhealthy commodity industries (alcohol, tobacco and ultra-processed food and drinks) have become increasingly contested in policy and research. We sought to identify approaches that could attract consensus support within and across policy domains. Using snowball sampling, we undertook an online survey of 335 health researchers, advocates and policymakers, in 40 countries, assessing responses to stated principles, claims and recommendations for engaging with unhealthy commodity industries in relation to key policy and research initiatives. Most respondents identified a fundamental conflict between industry interests and public health objectives for all three industries, with agreement greatest in relation to tobacco and weakest for food. This pattern was replicated across diverse questions regarding potential forms of engagement, including in rejecting voluntarism and partnership approaches to health policy. While awareness of tobacco industry tactics to influence policy and research was higher than for alcohol and food, most respondents rejected the view that the influence of the latter was less significant for public health. Proposals that health and research organisations should divest their funds attracted less support with respect to food, while restricting publication of industry-funded research in academic journals was the issue that most divided opinion. Respondents reported most difficulty in answering questions about the food industry. The strong consensus around restricting interactions with the tobacco industry supports increased implementation of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control’s conflict of interest provisions. There is strong support for the extension of such practices to the alcohol industry, challenging current norms. More mixed responses indicate a need for greater clarity in defining the food industry, and for research analyzing links, similarities and differences across different types of unhealthy commodity producers. Partnership approaches to addressing non-communicable diseases seem incapable of attracting widespread support across public health, challenging practice in many contexts.
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影响因子：
168.9
作者：
Lim, Stephen S.;Vos, Theo;Flaxman, Abraham D.;Danaei, Goodarz;Shibuya, Kenji;Adair-Rohani, Heather;Amann, Markus;Anderson, H. Ross;Andrews, Kathryn G.;Aryee, Martin;Atkinson, Charles;Bacchus, Loraine J.;Bahalim, Adil N.;Balakrishnan, Kalpana;Balmes, John;Barker-Collo, Suzanne;Baxter, Amanda;Bell, Michelle L.;Blore, Jed D.;Blyth, Fiona;Bonner, Carissa;Borges, Guilherme;Bourne, Rupert;Boussinesq, Michel;Brauer, Michael;Brooks, Peter;Bruce, Nigel G.;Brunekreef, Bert;Bryan-Hancock, Claire;Bucello, Chiara;Buchbinder, Rachelle;Bull, Fiona;Burnett, Richard T.;Byers, Tim E.;Calabria, Bianca;Carapetis, Jonathan;Carnahan, Emily;Chafe, Zoe;Charlson, Fiona;Chen, Honglei;Chen, Jian Shen;Cheng, Andrew Tai-Ann;Child, Jennifer Christine;Cohen, Aaron;Colson, K. Ellicott;Cowie, Benjamin C.;Darby, Sarah;Darling, Susan;Davis, Adrian;Degenhardt, Louisa;Dentener, Frank;Des Jarlais, Don C.;Devries, Karen;Dherani, Mukesh;Ding, Eric L.;Dorsey, E. Ray;Driscoll, Tim;Edmond, Karen;Ali, Suad Eltahir;Engell, Rebecca E.;Erwin, Patricia J.;Fahimi, Saman;Falder, Gail;Farzadfar, Farshad;Ferrari, Alize;Finucane, Mariel M.;Flaxman, Seth;Fowkes, Francis Gerry R.;Freedman, Greg;Freeman, Michael K.;Gakidou, Emmanuela;Ghosh, Santu;Giovannucci, Edward;Gmel, Gerhard;Graham, Kathryn;Grainger, Rebecca;Grant, Bridget;Gunnell, David;Gutierrez, Hialy R.;Hall, Wayne;Hoek, Hans W.;Hogan, Anthony;Hosgood, H. Dean, III;Hoy, Damian;Hu, Howard;Hubbell, Bryan J.;Hutchings, Sally J.;Ibeanusi, Sydney E.;Jacklyn, Gemma L.;Jasrasaria, Rashmi;Jonas, Jost B.;Kan, Haidong;Kanis, John A.;Kassebaum, Nicholas;Kawakami, Norito;Khang, Young-Ho;Khatibzadeh, Shahab;Khoo, Jon-Paul;Kok, Cindy;Laden, Francine;Lalloo, Ratilal;Lan, Qing;Lathlean, Tim;Leasher, Janet L.;Leigh, James;Li, Yang;Lin, John Kent;Lipshultz, Steven E.;London, Stephanie;Lozano, Rafael;Lu, Yuan;Mak, Joelle;Malekzadeh, Reza;Mallinger, Leslie;Marcenes, Wagner;March, Lyn;Marks, Robin;Martin, Randall;McGale, Paul;McGrath, John;Mehta, Sumi;Mensah, George A.;Merriman, Tony R.;Micha, Renata;Michaud, Catherine;Mishra, Vinod;Hanafiah, Khayriyyah Mohd;Mokdad, Ali A.;Morawska, Lidia;Mozaffarian, Dariush;Murphy, Tasha;Naghavi, Mohsen;Neal, Bruce;Nelson, Paul K.;Miquel Nolla, Joan;Norman, Rosana;Olives, Casey;Omer, Saad B.;Orchard, Jessica;Osborne, Richard;Ostro, Bart;Page, Andrew;Pandey, Kiran D.;Parry, Charles D. H.;Passmore, Erin;Patra, Jayadeep;Pearce, Neil;Pelizzari, Pamela M.;Petzold, Max;Phillips, Michael R.;Pope, Dan;Pope, C. Arden, III;Powles, John;Rao, Mayuree;Razavi, Homie;Rehfuess, Eva A.;Rehm, Juergen T.;Ritz, Beate;Rivara, Frederick P.;Roberts, Thomas;Robinson, Carolyn;Rodriguez-Portales, Jose A.;Romieu, Isabelle;Room, Robin;Rosenfeld, Lisa C.;Roy, Ananya;Rushton, Lesley;Salomon, Joshua A.;Sampson, Uchechukwu;Sanchez-Riera, Lidia;Sanman, Ella;Sapkota, Amir;Seedat, Soraya;Shi, Peilin;Shield, Kevin;Shivakoti, Rupak;Singh, Gitanjali M.;Sleet, David A.;Smith, Emma;Smith, Kirk R.;Stapelberg, Nicolas J. C.;Steenland, Kyle;Stoeckl, Heidi;Stovner, Lars Jacob;Straif, Kurt;Straney, Lahn;Thurston, George D.;Tran, Jimmy H.;Van Dingenen, Rita;van Donkelaar, Aaron;Veerman, J. Lennert;Vijayakumar, Lakshmi;Weintraub, Robert;Weissman, Myrna M.;White, Richard A.;Whiteford, Harvey;Wiersma, Steven T.;Wilkinson, James D.;Williams, Hywel C.;Williams, Warwick;Wilson, Nicholas;Woolf, Anthony D.;Yip, Paul;Zielinski, Jan M.;Lopez, Alan D.;Murray, Christopher J. L.;Ezzati, Majid
通讯作者：
Ezzati, Majid
DOI：
10.1093/pubmed/fdu057
发表时间：
2015-03
期刊：
Journal of public health (Oxford, England)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Smith KE;Kandlik Eltanani M
通讯作者：
Kandlik Eltanani M
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bond, Laura;Daube, Mike;Chikritzhs, Tanya
通讯作者：
Chikritzhs, Tanya
影响因子：
6.6
作者：
Brownell, Kelly D.;Warner, Kenneth E.
通讯作者：
Warner, Kenneth E.
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Scarborough, Peter;Bhatnagar, Prachi;Rayner, Mike
通讯作者：
Rayner, Mike